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  • Open Access

Inverse current in coupled transport: A quantum thermodynamic model

Shuvadip Ghosh1,*, Nikhil Gupt1,2, and Arnab Ghosh1

  • *Contact author: shuvadipg21@iitk.ac.in
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Phys. Rev. Research 8, 023166 – Published 14 May, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6r7j-j3n1

Abstract

The recent discovery of inverse current in coupled transport (ICC) in classical systems [Wang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 110607 (2020)]—where an induced current flows opposite to two mutually parallel thermodynamic forces, yet remains consistent with the second law of thermodynamics—reveals a striking and counterintuitive transport phenomenon. Using an exactly solvable model of strongly coupled quantum dots, we develop a thermodynamic framework to describe the ICC phenomenon at the quantum level. By systematically connecting the microscopic and macroscopic formulations of the entropy production rate in terms of appropriate entropic biases and entropic fluxes, our analysis identifies the conditions under which a genuine ICC effect can arise in quantum thermal transport and highlights potential applications in autonomous quantum engines and refrigerators.

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Phys. Rev. Research 8, 023166– Published 14 May, 2026
  • Received 23 December 2025
  • Accepted 25 March 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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