The Mori formalism is used to study the nuclear response function at finite temperatures. This formalism rather naturally leads to an extension of the zero-temperature random-phase approximation for finite temperatures, and it provides a prescription for the calculaton of the damping widths of vibrational states at finite temperatures.

Gross-structure resonances previously observed only in inclusive measurements have been studied in both single and mutual inelastic scattering involving the $0_2^{+}$ state of ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$. Analysis of the excitation functions in the single-excitation channel at the zeros of Legendre polynomials permits the dominant L values to be determined for most of the resonances. The measured spins disagree with the predictions of a recently published microscopic model of the inelastic-scattering process.

The interacting-boson-model Hamiltonian is written uniquely as a sum of an intrinsic part which defines bands and a collective part which shifts, splits, and mixes these bands.

The γ radiation from ${}_{}{}^{153}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ho}$ has been measured with Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. At least four components can be identified; the energy and spin removed by each of these have been measured, and their Doppler shifts analyzed. New fine structure is observed in the pre-yrast γ spectrum which arises from single-particle transitions forming the link between the yrast and continuum cascades. Near the yrast line the single-particle character of the states is preserved, but at higher energies collective modes begin to dominate.

Properties of nuclear matter are discussed within the framework of the relativistic Hartree-Fock approximation. Particular attention is paid to the π (pseudoscalar or pseudoscalar coupling) and ρ (vector and tensor couplings) degrees of freedom. The contributions of the various mesons to the different components of the baryon self-energy are discussed, as well as the implications expected for finite nuclei.

We perform exact numerical calculations of interactions between pairs and chains of skyrmions, and make estimates of many-body forces. The picture of skyrmion interactions that emerges is very different from the one based on the product Ansatz for the chiral field employed in previous studies.

Electric ground-state properties of ${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ have been measured in a consistent way by observation of the Coulomb interaction of aligned ${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ ions with heavy target nuclei. Besides the quadrupole moment ($Q_s$=-3.70±0.08 $e^2$ ${\mathrm{fm}}^2$) and the B(E2,${\mathrm{}(3/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$→${\mathrm{}(1/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$) value (8.3±0.5 $e^2$ ${\mathrm{fm}}^4$), the tensor moments of the nuclear polarizability ${\tau }_{12}$ and ${\tau }_{11}$ were determined (${\tau }_{12}$=${\tau }_{11}$=0.23±0.06 ${\mathrm{fm}}^3$). Present theoretical investigations on the structure of ${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ reveal difficulties in providing a unified description of all four properties.

It is shown that in rare cases, backbending in high-spin nuclei may be due to the alignment of a pair of like nucleons occupying different high-j orbitals, unlike the normal case, in which they occupy the same orbital. This mixed alignment has special implications for the blocking effect in adjacent odd nuclei, as exemplified by ${}_{}{}^{180}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Os}$ and its neighbor ${}_{}{}^{181}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ir}$. Finally, to get the correct order of the two backbends in ${}_{}{}^{180}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Os}$ requires changes in the conventional Nilsson parameters for protons.

The configuration-space Faddeev equations are solved for Hamiltonians that include the Tucson-Melbourne and Brazil three-nucleon forces. Convergence in terms of the number of three-body partial waves is established. First-order perturbation-theory results are shown to be inadequate. Both three-nucleon forces produce approximately 1.5-MeV additional binding, which overbinds the triton.

Transfer cross sections have been measured for ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}$Ni${+\mathrm{}}^{58}$,64Ni in the energy range $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}=100\mathrm{}–}$107 MeV with use of time of flight in a magnetic spectrograph. The direct reactions are dominated by one-neutron transfer, with other transfer cross sections being smaller by a factor of 3–4 or more. The average kinetic energy loss is ∼2 MeV. Over the measured energy range the total transfer cross section for ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}$Ni${+\mathrm{}}^{58}$Ni is smaller than that observed for ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}$Ni${+\mathrm{}}^{64}$Ni by a factor of 4.

Correlations between coincident alpha particles and deuterons emitted in ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{induced}$ reactions on ${}_{}{}^{197}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Au}$ at E/A=60 MeV were measured. The relative populations of particle-unstable states of ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ were extracted. The measured spectra are consistent with a mean nuclear temperature at emission of T=5 MeV. Limitations of temperature measurements via the population of excited states are discussed.

We describe an experiment which has detected light emission from a plastic scintillator due to neutron-induced recoil protons with initial energies as small as 410 eV. The velocity of such protons is smaller than that expected of grand-unified-theory magnetic monopoles. Searches for these exotic particles will therefore not be limited by kinematic or adiabatic constraints at velocities in excess of 9×${10}^{\mathrm{-}4}$c.

Below the ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}$O${+\mathrm{}}^{16}$O threshold, positive- and negative-parity bands at $E_x$=11–17 MeV in ${}_{}{}^{32}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{S}$ are identified, whose moments of inertia and α-reduced widths indicate possible quasimolecular bands of ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}$O${+\mathrm{}}^{16}$O and of some asymmetric configuration.

The differenctial cross section and the transverse spin-flip probability have been measured for the dominant transitions in ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(p,n${)\mathrm{}}^{13}$N and ${}_{}{}^{15}{}_{}{}^{}$N(p,n${)\mathrm{}}^{15}$O at ${\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{p}}$=160 MeV. The Gamow-Teller transition strengths deduced from the data show that the major ${\mathrm{}(1/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$→${\mathrm{}(3/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ transitions are strongly quenched relative to the ${\mathrm{}(1/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$→${\mathrm{}(1/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ mirror transitions, in strong disagreement with simple shell-model expectations.

It is shown that additional information from the (p,p’) reaction can provide an important test of the nature of the M1 excitations recently observed in deformed nuclei via electromagnetic studies and interpreted to be collective current excitations.

Combining the skyrmion picture of the nucleon and the axial Ward identities in nuclear medium, we show that in a baryon-rich environment, the coupling constants ${\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{A}}$ and ${\mathrm{f}}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$ are fundamentally quenched and the rms size of the nucleon consequently enhanced..AE

Results are presented from an investigation of the mean free path in nuclear emulsion of multiply charged fragments, produced by 1.8A-GeV argon nuclei. Charge identification of 6965 fragments with charges Z≥2, producing 2192 secondary interactions, has been made. No dependence of the mean free path on the distance from the preceding collision is observed and thus our result is consistent with the nonexistence of anomalons.

Pion double charge exchange has been used to populate the double isobaric analog state (DIAS) in ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Po}$ with use of the doubly magic target ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$. The DIAS was found at an excitation energy of 32.46±0.17 MeV with a width of 0.85±0.40 MeV. The excitation energy of the DIAS can be used along with the energy of the isobaric analog state to determine separately the linear and the quadratic terms of the isobaric multiplet mass equation. The resulting linear and quadratic terms are b=-31.6±3.7 MeV and c=0.33±0.09 MeV, respectively.

Isovector low-lying collective $2^{+}$ states are studied in the Samarium isotopes in terms of the interacting-boson model. On the basis of E2 transition data, it is pointed out that the $2_3^{+}$ states of ${}_{}{}^{148}{}_{}{}^{}$,150Sm are isovector. The first calculation including different proton and neutron boson charges is reported for the E2 transitions $0_1^{+}$→$2_1^{+}$. $2_2^{+}$, and $2_3^{+}$ of ${}_{}{}^{148154}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$, giving rise to the first comprehensive agreement with experiment. Some predictions of B(M1) values are presented for further confirmation of the isovector properties.