Highly ionized members of the Pm sequence should produce strong resonance lines in the uv spectra of hot plasmas contaminated by heavy elements. These ions for $Z>~74$ have an alkali structure with ground configuration $4f^{14}5s$. Hartree-Fock calculations show that in ${\mathrm{W}}_{\mathrm{XIV}}$ through Uxxxii the dominant resonance lines are the $5s-5p$ doublets in the range $\lambda =100-400\mathrm{}$ Å. Approximate predictions are given for the doublet wavelengths, line strengths, and mean lives.

Coincident measurements on ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ of $\mathrm{KLL}$ Auger electrons and backscattered protons at 125° show that the $K$-shell ionization probability varies over the 461-keV $s$-wave resonance. The data are explained through a change in the phase shifts for simultaneous ionization and scattering, due to the dipole ionization amplitude.

A calculation is presented of the relaxation rate ${T_1}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ between the lowest two hyperfine states of a dilute gas of H atoms in high magnetic field at low temperatures. Dipole-dipole interactions dominate ${T_1}^{-1\mathrm{}}$, leading to long relaxation times at low temperatures (${T_1}^{-1\mathrm{}}\approx {10}^{-2\mathrm{}}{n}_{\mathrm{H}}{T}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ ${\sec }^{-1\mathrm{}}$ at $H\approx 100$ kG). The recombination rate due to wall collisions is much greater than ${T_1}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ and can lead to a depletion of the lowest hyperfine state from thermal equilibrium and an effective recombination rate equal to ${T_1}^{-1\mathrm{}}$.

In a current-carrying plasma with $v_d<v_{\mathrm{Te}}$ the existence of localized stationary potential jumps with $\frac{e\varphi }{k{T}_e}>1\mathrm{}$ is demonstrated. High-frequency ($\approx f_{\mathrm{pe}}$) noise and low-frequency ($<f_{\mathrm{pi}}$) noise with $\frac{W}{n{T}_e}\approx 0.2$ peak around the transition region. Ion and electron heating is observed. High anomalous resistivity is found on the high-potential side of the jump, with a maximum value within the jump.

The ${}_{}{}^{181}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ta}$ relaxation rate is determined by nuclear acoustic resonance in $\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{H}}_x$ and $\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{D}}_x$ ($0.0003<~x<~0.0324$) for temperatures between 100 and 370 K. The nearest-neighbor quadrupolar interaction with the diffusing H or D which is responsible for the relaxation amounts to $\frac{e^2\mathrm{qQ}}{\hslash }=5.4\mathrm{}\times {10}^9 \mathrm{and} 4.7\times {10}^9$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$, respectively, i.e., it exceeds by far the Zeeman interaction. The experimental results are discussed with respect to this rather unusual situation and compared with macroscopic diffusion experiments.

Magnetic confinement is used to obtain spin-polarized atomic hydrogen (H↑) in an openended helium-coated chamber, at densities up to 0.8×${10}^{17}$ atoms/${\mathrm{cm}}^3$. At a field of 10 T and temperature of 0.3 K, confinement times as long as 4 h are achieved. A quantitative study of the confinement times as a function of magnetic field is in excellent agreement with the expected escape from the magnetic potential well accompanied by a very slow loss process. Heat transport measurements confirm that the H↑ is a gas and an upper limit is placed on the three-body recombination rate.

Applying ultrahigh-resolution neutron spin-echo spectroscopy the existence of a $q$-dependent temperature crossover in the dynamics of dilute polymer solutions was proved. It is associated with the transition from $\theta$ to good solvent conditions. At small momentum transfers $q$ a nearly stepwise increase of the reduced quasielastic linewidth versus the reduced temperature was observed. With increasing $q$, both the sharpness of the transition and the step height decrease.

Magnetic susceptibility measurements on the organic conductor ${\mathrm{}\left(\mathrm{TMTSF}\right)\mathrm{}}_2$P${\mathrm{F}}_6$ reveal a new phase transition at 11.5 K. At lower temperature the magnetic response is nonlinear, being more diamagnetic below 6 kOe than at higher fields. At the metal-insulator transition (∼17 K) there is no visible anomaly in the static susceptibility, in contrast to the rapid disappearance of the electron-spin-resonance intensity.

X-ray, magnetization, and Mössbauer studies of new hexagonal compounds $R{\mathrm{Rh}}_6{\mathrm{B}}_4$ ($R=\mathrm{rare}\mathrm{earth}$) were performed. Y${\mathrm{Rh}}_6$${\mathrm{B}}_4$ and Lu${\mathrm{Rh}}_6$${\mathrm{B}}_4$ exhibit strongly enhanced itinerant paramagnetism. La${\mathrm{Rh}}_6$${\mathrm{B}}_4$ and ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$${\mathrm{Rh}}_6$${\mathrm{B}}_4$ exhibit itinerant-electron ferromagnetism ($T_c=6\mathrm{} \mathrm{and} 19$ K) with large magnetic anisotropy and hysteresis [$H_c\left(\mathrm{Eu}{\mathrm{Rh}}_6{\mathrm{B}}_4\right)=2.1\mathrm{}$ kOe at 4.1 K]. All systems, when doped with 0.5 at.% Fe, show very high Curie points (100 to 300 K) and moments per Fe ion of up to 8${\mathrm{\mu }}_{\mathrm{B}}$.

It is shown that the low-frequency spectral density of the voltage noise in a current-biased Josephson junction with critical current $I_0$, shunt resistance $R$, and small capacitance is $\frac{e{I_0}^2{R}^3}{\pi V}$ in the limit $\mathrm{eV}\gg k_{\mathrm{B}}T{\left(\frac{I}{I_0}\right)}^2$ and $I>\mathrm{}{I}_0$, where $V$ is the voltage and $I$ is the current. The noise arises from zero-point current fluctuations in the shunt resistor. The rounding of the current-voltage characteristic caused by the quantum fluctuations and the effects of nonzero junction capacitance are calculated.

Temperature dependence of polarization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PV${\mathrm{F}}_2$) has been measured under ac fields of 100-400 kV/cm at 50 Hz at temperatures ranging from 22 to 150 °C. It is found that PV${\mathrm{F}}_2$ is a ferroelectric with its transition temperature at ∼ 140 °C. Above this temperature, which is about 30 °C below the melting point, no remnant polarization can be measured.

Reflectivity spectra of Mg${\mathrm{F}}_2$—fluid-xenon interfaces obtained for a wide range of densities revealed that the $n=2\mathrm{}$ Wannier exciton starts to appear at densities above 400 amagat (1 amagat of density for xenon corresponds to 2.7067×${10}^{19}$ atoms/${\mathrm{cm}}^3$). The $n^{\prime }=1\mathrm{}$ exciton appears at densities above about 100 amagats on the low-energy side of the parent $5p^{5}6s$ [$K=\frac{1}{2}$] atomic state. The occurrence and evolution of these bands and of the previously reported $n=1\mathrm{}$ band with density are discussed with use of conductivity relaxation times obtained by Huang and Freeman.

Dispersion measurements of the volume plasmon in Al-Mg alloys show that the dispersion coefficient $\alpha$ defined at low wave vectors $k$ does not exhibit the expected free-electron-gas behavior, whereas this is the case for the generalized $\alpha$ at higher $k$. Optical reflection measurements support the suggestion that low-lying interband transitions influence the dispersion in the small-$k$ regime.

A new class of sum rules in nonrelativistic scattering theory is obtained. By extending the concept of the Fredholm determinant to a local form defined at each space point $x$, a function with analytic properties analogous to the Fredholm determinant, but containing more information, is found. These rules assume the form of the power-moment problem and are valid in both quantum and classical mechanics.

The results are reported of a search for narrow $\overline{p}p$ states in the mass range 1.9 to 2.5 ${\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c}}^2$ produced in the meson-exchange reaction ${\pi }^{+}p\to {\left(\overline{p}p\right)}_f{\Delta }^{++}$ at 9.8 GeV/c. This measurement is sensitive to production of the controversial $S\left(1935\right)\mathrm{}$ meson. It is also sensitive to multiquark exchange leading to the production of four-quark states. We find no evidence for narrow states at the ∼20-nb level.

Measurements of the inclusive distributions of protons produced at 180° in the momentum range $0.3<~p<~1.0$ GeV/c are reported. Proton, $\alpha$-particle, carbon, and argon beams in the range of kinetic energies $0.4<~T<~2.1$ GeV/nucleon (4.89 GeV for protons) were incident on C, Al, Cu, Sn, and Pb targets. The dependences of the cross sections on the projectile and target mass and on the incident energy are presented. Limiting behavior is found at energies above 1-2 GeV/nucleon. Features suggestive of nuclear correlations are discussed.

The group-theoretical analysis of the Higgs structure of an O(14) model, which unifies generations as well as color and flavor, is presented. By using the Higgs bosons of 364 or 1716 in O(14), the famous relation between the Cabibbo angle ${\theta }_{\mathrm{C}}$ and quark masses, ${{tan}^2\theta }_{\mathrm{C}}\cong \frac{m_d}{m_s}$, can be embedded into this super unified gauge theory under some conditions on the Higgs potential.

The first measurements are reported of the asymmetry in resonance-region scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons by longitudinally polarized protons. Data have been obtained at $Q^2=0.5\mathrm{} \mathrm{and} 1.5$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$ in the missing-mass range $W=1.1-1.9\mathrm{}$ GeV. Results are compatible with a multipole analysis of single-pion electroproduction. The spin-dependent behavior is consistent with a duality mechanism as in the unpolarized case.

Some intricate properties of the integrability conditions of the loop-space chiral equations, which do not have their correspondence in the ordinary chiral equations, are pointed out.

Angular distributions of the cross section, vector analyzing power, $i{T}_{11}$, and the tensor analyzing powers, $T_{20}$ and $T_{22}$, have been obtained for the ($d$,$\alpha$) reaction on targets of ${}_{}{}^{32}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{S}$, ${}_{}{}^{36}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ar}$, and ${}_{}{}^{38}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ar}$ at 16 MeV. The present results show that the angular distribution patterns for $T_{22}$ provide unique information for distinguishing among possible angular momentum transfers.