The recently discovered nickelate superconductor ${\mathrm{La}}_3{\mathrm{Ni}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_7$ has a high transition temperature near 80 K under pressure, providing an additional avenue for exploring unconventional superconductivity. Here, with state-of-the-art tensor-network methods, we study a bilayer ${t\text{−}J\text{−}J}_{\perp }$ model for ${\mathrm{La}}_3{\mathrm{Ni}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_7$ and find a robust $s$-wave superconductive (SC) order mediated by interlayer magnetic couplings. Large-scale density matrix renormalization group calculations find algebraic pairing correlations with Luttinger parameter $K_{\mathrm{SC}}\lesssim 1$. Infinite projected entangled-pair state method obtains a nonzero SC order directly in the thermodynamic limit, and estimates a strong pairing strength ${\overline{\mathrm{\Delta }}}_z\sim \mathcal{O}(0.1)$. Tangent-space tensor renormalization group simulations elucidate the temperature evolution of SC pairing and further determine a high SC temperature $T_c^{*}/J\sim \mathcal{O}(0.1)$. Because of the intriguing orbital selective behaviors and strong Hund’s rule coupling in the compound, ${t\text{−}J\text{−}J}_{\perp }$ model has strong interlayer spin exchange (while negligible interlayer hopping), which greatly enhances the SC pairing in the bilayer system. Such a magnetically mediated pairing has also been observed recently in the optical lattice of ultracold atoms. Our accurate and comprehensive tensor-network calculations reveal a robust SC order in the bilayer ${t\text{−}J\text{−}J}_{\perp }$ model and shed light on the pairing mechanism of the high-$T_c$ nickelate superconductor.

If a quantum dot is coupled to a topological superconductor via tunneling contacts, each contact hosts a Majorana zero mode in the limit of zero transmission. Close to a resonance and at a finite contact transparency, the resonant level in the quantum dot couples the Majorana modes, but a ground-state degeneracy per fermion parity subspace remains if the number of Majorana modes coupled to the dot is five or larger. Upon varying shape-defining gate voltages while remaining close to resonance, a nontrivial evolution within the degenerate ground-state manifold is achieved. We characterize the corresponding non-Abelian holonomy for a quantum dot with chaotic classical dynamics using random matrix theory and discuss measurable signatures of the non-Abelian time evolution.

In quantum field theory above two spacetime dimensions, one is usually only able to construct exact operator maps from UV to IR of strongly coupled renormalization group flows for the most symmetry-protected observables. Famous examples include maps of chiral rings in 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry. In this Letter, we construct the first nonperturbative UV-IR map for less protected operators: starting from a particularly “simple” UV strongly coupled non-Lagrangian 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$ quantum field theory, we show that a universal nonchiral quarter–Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield ring can be mapped exactly and bijectively to the IR. In particular, strongly coupled UV dynamics governing infinitely many null states manifest in the IR via Fermi statistics of free gauginos. Using the concept of arc space, this bijection allows us to compute the exact UV Macdonald index in the IR.

We present experimental and theoretical results on formation of quantum vortices in a laser beam propagating in a nonlinear medium. Topological constrains richer than the mere conservation of vorticity impose an elaborate dynamical behavior to the formation and annihilation of vortex-antivortex pairs. We identify two such mechanisms, both described by the same fold-Hopf bifurcation. One of them is particularly efficient although it is not observed in the context of liquid helium films or stationary systems because it relies on the compressible nature of the fluid of light we consider and on the nonstationarity of its flow.

Magnetic reconnection is a ubiquitous and fundamental process in plasmas by which magnetic fields change their topology and release magnetic energy. Despite decades of research, the physics governing the reconnection process in many parameter regimes remains controversial. Contemporary reconnection theories predict that long, narrow current sheets are susceptible to the tearing instability and split into isolated magnetic islands (or plasmoids), resulting in an enhanced reconnection rate. While several experimental observations of plasmoids in the regime of low-to-intermediate $\beta$ (where $\beta$ is the ratio of plasma thermal pressure to magnetic pressure) have been made, there is a relative lack of experimental evidence for plasmoids in the high-$\beta$ reconnection environments which are typical in many space and astrophysical contexts. Here, we report strong experimental evidence for plasmoid formation in laser-driven high-$\beta$ reconnection experiments.

We report the first experimental observation on the reduction of backward scatterings by an instantaneous broadband laser with 0.6% bandwidth in conditions of interest for inertial confinement fusion at the low-coherence Kunwu laser facility. The backscatter of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) was robustly reduced by half at intensities of $1–5\times {10}^{14}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ with the $0.53\text{−}\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ broadband laser in comparison with the monochromatic laser. As SBS dominates energy loss of laser-plasma interactions, the reduction of that demonstrates the enhancement of laser-target coupling by the use of broadband laser. The mitigation of filamentation leads to the reduction of stimulated Raman backscattering at low intensities. In addition, the three-halves harmonic emission was reduced with the broadband laser as well.

We show that quantum geometry induces ferromagnetic fluctuation resulting in spin-triplet superconductivity. The criterion for ferromagnetic fluctuation is clarified by analyzing contributions from the effective mass and quantum geometry. When the non-Kramers band degeneracy is present near the Fermi surface, the Fubini-Study quantum metric strongly favors ferromagnetic fluctuation. Solving the linearized gap equation with the effective interaction obtained by the random phase approximation, we show that the spin-triplet superconductivity is mediated by quantum-geometry-induced ferromagnetic fluctuation.

Acoustically induced dressed states of long-lived erbium ions in a crystal are demonstrated. These states are formed by rapid modulation of two-level systems via strain induced by surface acoustic waves whose frequencies exceed the optical linewidth of the ion ensemble. Multiple sidebands and the reduction of their intensities appearing near the surface are evidence of a strong interaction between the acoustic waves and the ions. This development allows for on-chip control of long-lived ions and paves the way to highly coherent hybrid quantum systems with telecom photons, acoustic phonons, and electrons.

Single-file transport refers to the motion of particles in a narrow channel, such that they cannot bypass each other. This constraint leads to strong correlations between the particles, described by correlation profiles, which measure the correlation between a generic observable and the density of particles at a given position and time. They have recently been shown to play a central role in single-file systems. Up to now, these correlations have only been determined for diffusive systems in the hydrodynamic limit. Here, we consider a model of reflecting point particles on the infinite line, with a general individual stochastic dynamics. We show that the correlation profiles take a simple universal form, at arbitrary time. We illustrate our approach by the study of the integrated current of particles through the origin, and apply our results to representative models such as Brownian particles, run-and-tumble particles and Lévy flights. We further emphasise the generality of our results by showing that they also apply beyond the 1D case, and to other observables.

Understanding the collapse kinetics of polyelectrolytes (PEs) is crucial for comprehending various biological and industrial phenomena. Despite occurring in an aqueous environment, previous computational studies have overlooked the influence of hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) facilitated by fluid motion. Here, we directly compute the Navier-Stokes equation to investigate the collapse kinetics of a highly charged flexible PE. Our findings reveal that HI accelerates PE collapse induced by hydrophobicity and multivalent salt. In the case of hydrophobicity, HI induces long-range collective motion of monomers, accelerating the coarsening of local clusters through either Brownian-coagulation-like or evaporation-condensation-like processes, depending on the strength of hydrophobicity with respect to electrostatic interaction. Regarding multivalent salt, HI does not affect the condensation dynamics of multivalent ions but facilitates quicker movement of local dipolar clusters along the PE, thereby expediting the collapse process. These results provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of HI in PE collapse kinetics.

Based on $4.4{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$ of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.60 and 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the pure $W$-boson-exchange decay ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_c^{+}\to {\mathrm{\Xi }}^0{K}^{+}$ is studied with a full angular analysis. The corresponding decay asymmetry is measured for the first time to be ${\alpha }_{{\mathrm{\Xi }}^0{K}^{+}}=0.01\pm 0.16(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.03(\mathrm{syst})$. This result reflects the noninterference effect between the $S$- and $P$-wave amplitudes. The phase shift between $S$- and $P$-wave amplitudes has two solutions, which are ${\delta }_p-{\delta }_s=-1.55\pm 0.25(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.05(\mathrm{syst})\mathrm{rad}$ or $1.59\pm 0.25(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.05(\mathrm{syst})\mathrm{rad}$.

Recent advances in laser technology have enabled tremendous progress in light-induced molecular reactions, at the heart of which the breaking and formation of chemical bonds are located. Such progress has been greatly facilitated by the development of an accurate quantum-mechanical simulation method, which, however, does not necessarily accompany clear dynamical scenarios and is rather computationally heavy. Here, we develop a wave-packet surface propagation (WASP) approach to describe the molecular bond-breaking dynamics from a hybrid quantum-classical perspective. Via the introduction of quantum elements including state transitions and phase accumulations to the Newtonian propagation of the nuclear wave packet, the WASP approach naturally comes with intuitive physical scenarios and accuracies. It is carefully benchmarked with the ${\mathrm{H}}_2^{+}$ molecule and is shown to be capable of precisely reproducing experimental observations. The WASP method is promising for the intuitive visualization of light-induced molecular dynamics and is straightforward extensible towards complex molecules.

We describe a method to create and store scalable and long-lived entangled spin-squeezed states within a manifold of many-body cavity dark states using collective emission of light from multilevel atoms inside an optical cavity. We show that the system can be tuned to generate squeezing in a dark state where it will be immune to superradiance. We also show more generically that squeezing can be generated using a combination of superradiance and coherent driving in a bright state, and subsequently be transferred via single-particle rotations to a dark state where squeezing can be stored. Our findings, readily testable in current optical cavity experiments with alkaline-earth-like atoms, can open a path for dissipative generation and storage of metrologically useful states in optical transitions.

We systematically investigated the intrinsic mechanical flexural modes of tapered optical fibers (TOFs) with a high aspect ratio up to $3\times {10}^4$. Based on the near-field scattering of the hemispherical microfiber tip to the vibrating TOF evanescent field, we detected more than 320 ordered intrinsic mechanical modes through the TOF transmission spectra which was enhanced by 72 dB compared to without near-field scattering. The trend of the vibration amplitude with the mode order was similar to pendulum waves. Our results open a pathway to study the mechanical modes of photonic microstructures-nanostructures that are expected to be used in waveguide QED, cavity optomechanical, and optical sensing.

We used extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulses to create transient gratings (TGs) with sub-100 nm spatial periodicity in a $\beta -{\mathrm{Ga}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$ single crystal. The EUV TG launches acoustic modes parallel to the sample surface, whose dynamics were revealed via backward diffraction of a third, time-delayed, EUV pulse. In addition, the sharp penetration depth of EUV light launches acoustic modes along the surface normal with a broad wave vector spectrum. The dynamics of selected modes at a wave vector tangibly larger ($\approx 1{\mathrm{nm}}^{-1}$) than the TG one is detected in the time domain via the interference between the backward diffracted TG signal and the stimulated Brillouin backscattering of the EUV probe. While stimulated Brillouin backscattering of an optical probe was reported in previous EUV TG experiments, its extension to shorter wavelengths can be used as a contactless experimental tool for filling the gap between the wave vector range accessible by inelastic hard x-ray and thermal neutron scattering techniques, and the one accessible through Brillouin scattering of visible and UV light.

Reducing geometrical complexity while preserving desired wave properties is critical for proof-of-concept studies in wave physics, as evidenced by recent efforts to realize photonic synthetic dimensions, isospectrality, and hyperbolic lattices. Laughlin’s topological pump, which elucidates quantum Hall states in cylindrical geometry with a radial magnetic field and a time-varying axial magnetic flux, is a prime example of these efforts. Here we propose a two-dimensional dynamical photonic system for the topological pumping of pseudospin modes by exploiting synthetic frequency dimensions. The system provides the independent control of pseudomagnetic fields and electromotive forces achieved by the interplay between mode-dependent and mode-independent gauge fields. To address the axial open boundaries and azimuthal periodicity of the system, we define the adjusted local Chern marker with rotating azimuthal coordinates, proving the nontrivial topology of the system. We demonstrate the adiabatic pumping for crosstalk-free frequency conversion with wave front molding. Our approach allows for reproducing Laughlin’s thought experiment at room temperature with a scalable setup.