Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation

    Multimode Richtmyer-Meshkov evolution and ejecta formation under second-shock of perturbed molten-metal interfaces

    Sheng-Ning Yan1,2, Xin-Xin Wang1,*, Bao Wu1, Yang Song1, Xiao-Feng Shi1, Qiang Bao1, Hai-Quan Sun1, An-Min He1, and Pei Wang1,3,†

    • *Contact author: xxwang14b@alum.imr.ac.cn
    • †Contact author: wangpei@iapcm.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. Fluids 11, 114001 – Published 6 November, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2nbn-x1x9

    Abstract

    We employ combined smoothed particle hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics simulations to systematically investigate the evolution of microjetting from tin targets with sinusoidal surface perturbations under twice-shock loading. Results show that the initial scaled amplitude k0h0 critically controls the bubble morphology after the first shock and the subsequent coupling behavior of second-shock ejecta: a smooth single bubble forms at k0h0=0.25; for 0.50≤k0h0≤1.20, a single microspike splits the bubble into two sub-bubbles, leading to two second jets that first diverge and later merge under strong mode coupling; for 1.40≤k0h0≤2.00, two microspikes divide the interface into three sub-bubbles, producing three independently growing microjetting with markedly weaker coupling. To predict the second-shock ejecta mass across this wide k0h0 range, an approach is introduced that treats the postshock bubble interface as a multimode perturbation. Through Fourier modal decomposition and incorporation of intermode coupling, a predictive model is developed that shows good agreement with simulation results. The effectiveness of the computational approach is further validated against existing second-shock microjetting experiments. This work elucidates the physical linkage between initial surface conditions, shock-induced interface morphology, and jet-coupling dynamics, providing a quantitative framework for the prediction of ejection under multiple-shock loading.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Authorization Required

    We need you to provide your credentials before accessing this content.

    Supplemental Material (Subscription Required)

    References (Subscription Required)

    Outline

    Information

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation