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    Inertial and crowding influence of drift reversal in chiral fluids

    Ze-long Gao, Rui-xue Guo, Jia-jian Li, and Bao-quan Ai*

    • Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

    • *Contact author: aibq@scnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. E 114, 035420 – Published 17 September, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/y7px-v9w7

    Abstract

    Chiral fluids can exhibit anomalous transport associated with an odd mobility tensor, which gives a tracer a characteristic transverse (Hall-like) drift. Interactions with the surrounding fluid can reverse both this Hall drift and the advective drift along the driving direction, yet the microscopic collision-level mechanism behind these reversals remains unclear. Here we introduce a collision-level framework to interpret drift reversal, combining underdamped Brownian dynamics simulations with a reversal-collision effectiveness map. The map identifies the host-tracer interaction-force orientations that favor reversal. A coarse-grained description of the host-particle velocity-direction statistics then connects this particle-level mechanism to the many-particle dynamics. We find that increasing the odd mobility strength shifts the angular probability distribution toward reversal-effective sectors, promoting drift reversal. Particle inertia and packing fraction modulate the two reversals asymmetrically: larger inertia strengthens the reversed advective drift while suppressing the Hall reversal. Increasing packing fraction produces a nonmonotonic response in which both reversals first intensify and then weaken, with both drift components beginning to recover their normal directions at high densities. Together, these results give a particle-level description of drift reversal in interacting chiral fluids, and clarify how inertia and packing fraction influence nonequilibrium transport in systems with broken time-reversal and mirror symmetries.

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