We investigate laser amplification in $e^{-}\text{−}{\mu }^{-}\text{−}\mathrm{ion}$ plasmas, where negative muons partially replace electrons. Theoretical results reveal a hybrid plasma wave, called $\mu$ wave, that exhibits ion-acoustic behavior in long-wavelength regime and Langmuir-like behavior in short-wavelength regime. Besides, the Landau damping of $\mu$ wave is smaller than that of Langmuir wave. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations confirm the theoretical results of instabilities in $e^{-}\text{−}{\mu }^{-}\text{−}\mathrm{ion}$ plasmas. The $\mu$ wave enables efficient laser amplification by suppressing pump-driven spontaneous instabilities through enhanced Landau damping of Langmuir waves. Compared to Raman amplification, $\mu$-wave amplification can maintain the Gaussian waveform of the seed laser, avoiding pulse splitting. Compared to strong-coupling Brillouin amplification, $\mu$-wave amplification exhibits weaker filamentation instability. Our theoretical model can be generalized to other plasma systems containing two species of negatively charged particles, such as two-temperature electron plasmas and negative-ion plasma. These findings establish $e^{-}\text{−}{\mu }^{-}\text{−}\mathrm{ion}$ plasma as a promising medium for advanced laser amplification schemes.

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• Laser-plasma interactions
• Plasma instabilities