We derive general trade-off relations between the power, efficiency, and constancy for two-terminal thermoelectric systems in the linear-response regime. Constancy, which quantifies the steadiness of the heat engine, is measured by its fluctuations. The bounds of the efficiency, power, and fluctuations are valid even when time-reversal symmetry is broken, revealing how such a symmetry breaking alters the fundamental constraints on steady-state energy conversion. Our results extend and refine previously established universal trade-offs, offering deeper insight into the performance limits in nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Guided by this bound, heat engines with broken time-reversal symmetry can be operated at near Carnot efficiency while maintaining finite power output and fluctuations, enabling them to outperform their traditional counterparts.

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• Thermodynamics
• Heat engines