Percolation of random compact diamond-shaped systems on the square lattice
Phys. Rev. E 113, 024303 – Published 3 February, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/g341-fb8x
Abstract
We study site percolation on a square lattice with random compact diamond-shaped neighborhoods. Each site is connected to others within a neighborhood in the shape of a diamond of radius , where is uniformly chosen from the set with . The model is analyzed for all values of and , where denotes the average number of neighbors per site and is the critical percolation threshold. For each fixed , the product is found to converge to a constant as . Such behavior is expected when (single diamond sizes), for which the product tends toward , where is the continuum percolation threshold for diamond-shaped regions or aligned squares in two dimensions (). This case is further examined for , and the expected convergence is confirmed. The particular case was first studied numerically by Gouker and Family in 1983. We also study the relation to systems of deposited diamond-shaped objects on a square lattice. For monodisperse diamonds of radius , there is a direct mapping to percolation with a diamond-shaped neighborhood of radius , but when there is a distribution of object sizes, there is no such mapping. We study the case of the deposition of mixtures of diamonds of radius and , and contrast it with the model and also the continuum percolation of disks of two sizes.