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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Controlling the glass transition through active fluctuating interactions

Emir Sezik1,*, Henry Alston1,2,†, and Thibault Bertrand1,‡

  • *Contact author: emir.sezik19@imperial.ac.uk
  • †Contact author: henry.alston@phys.ens.fr
  • ‡Contact author: t.bertrand@imperial.ac.uk
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Phys. Rev. E 113, L062102 – Published 9 June, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fm3j-829g

Abstract

Fluctuating pairwise interactions are understood to drive fluidlike states in dense biological systems. These states find a broad range of functionalities, such as directing growth during morphogenesis and forming aggregates with heightened mechanical response. However, a tractable model capturing the role of microscopic fluctuating interactions in these structural transitions is crucially lacking. Here, we study a p-spin model with fluctuating pairwise couplings (of strength Da and persistence time ta) as a schematic model for interaction-mediated fluidization. We find that while stronger fluctuations suppress the glass transition, more persistent fluctuations have the opposite effect. We identify the presence of an emergent fluctuation-dissipation relation at long times. We numerically extract the critical temperature Tg(Da,ta) from a scaling relation near the transition, illustrating how microscopic fluctuations control the glass transition.

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Phys. Rev. E 113, L062102– Published 9 June, 2026
  • Received 9 September 2025
  • Accepted 7 April 2026
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