Modulated electrostatic ion cyclotron wave, spatiotemporal patterns, extreme events, and associated nonlinear electric field structures induced by a moving charged object
Phys. Rev. E 112, 035206 – Published 11 September, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/dr2w-vc7k
Abstract
The steadily moving charged object (obstacle) induced modulated electrostatic ion cyclotron (EIC) wave dynamics is modeled through a forced nonlinear Schrödinger equation in collisionless and homogeneous plasmas. The disturbance created by the moving obstacle acts as the source of free energy and is responsible for the forcing term. The parametric simulations at the transcritical speed predict the ordered to highly disordered spatiotemporal patterns of the potential depending on the amplitude and width of the moving source and also the strength of the magnetic field. The time series analysis using the delay embedding phase-space (DEPS) reconstruction method is noteworthy, which predicts the chaotic-like behavior of the highly disordered patterns controlled by the magnetic field. Moreover, the random noise driven simulation predicts the external force induced EIC extreme events. The disordered patterns correspond to the time domain spiky and large-amplitude wave burst electric field structure observed in the astrophysical plasmas.
