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Skyrmion flow in periodically modulated channels

Klaus Raab1,*, Maurice Schmitt1,*, Maarten A. Brems1, Jan Rothörl1, Fabian Kammerbauer1, Sachin Krishnia1, Mathias Kläui1,2,†, and Peter Virnau1,‡

  • 1Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
  • 2Center for Quantum Spintronics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Contact author: klaeui@uni-mainz.de
  • ‡Contact author: virnau@uni-mainz.de

Phys. Rev. E 110, L042601 – Published 25 October, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.L042601

Abstract

Magnetic skyrmions, topologically stabilized chiral magnetic textures with particlelike properties, have so far primarily been studied statically. Here, we experimentally investigate the dynamics of skyrmion ensembles in metallic thin film conduits where they behave as quasiparticle fluids. By exploiting our access to the full trajectories of all fluid particles by means of time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr microscopy, we demonstrate that boundary conditions of skyrmion fluids can be tuned by modulation of the channel geometry. We observe as a function of channel width deviations from classical flow profiles even into the no- or partial-slip regime. Unlike conventional colloids, the skyrmion Hall effect can also introduce transversal flow asymmetries and even local motion of single skyrmions against the driving force which we explore with particle-based simulations, demonstrating the unique properties of skyrmion liquid flow that uniquely deviates from previously known behavior of other quasiparticles.

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