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Information-to-work conversion in single-molecule experiments: From discrete to continuous feedback

Regina K. Schmitt, Patrick P. Potts, Heiner Linke, Jonas Johansson, and Peter Samuelsson

Marc Rico-Pasto and Felix Ritort

  • Department of Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden

  • Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Small Biosystems Laboratory, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

Phys. Rev. E 107, L052104 – Published 25 May, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.L052104

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the extractable work in single molecule unfolding-folding experiments with applied feedback. Using a simple two-state model, we obtain a description of the full work distribution from discrete to continuous feedback. The effect of the feedback is captured by a detailed fluctuation theorem, accounting for the information aquired. We find analytical expressions for the average work extraction as well as an experimentally measurable bound thereof, which becomes tight in the continuous feedback limit. We further determine the parameters for maximal power or rate of work extraction. Although our two-state model only depends on a single effective transition rate, we find qualitative agreement with Monte Carlo simulations of DNA hairpin unfolding-folding dynamics.

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