- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review D

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Open Access

Discovery prospects with the Dark-photons & Axion-Like particles Interferometer

Javier De Miguel1,2,3,*, Juan F. Hernández-Cabrera2,3, Elvio Hernández-Suárez2,3, Enrique Joven-Álvarez2,3, Chiko Otani1, and J. Alberto Rubiño-Martín2,3 (On behalf of the DALI Collaboration)

  • 1The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Center for Advanced Photonics, 519-1399 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
  • 2Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • 3Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

  • *javier.miguelhernandez@riken.jp
PDF

Phys. Rev. D 109, 062002 – Published 7 March, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.062002

Abstract

We discuss the discovery potential of the Dark-photons & Axion-Like particles Interferometer in this paper. The apparatus, currently in a design and prototyping phase, will probe axion dark matter from the Teide Observatory, an environment protected from terrestrial microwave sources, reaching Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky-like axion sensitivity in the range 25–250  μeV of mass. The experimental approach shows a potential to probe dark sector photons of kinetic mixing strength in excess of several 10−16 and to establish new constraints to a stochastic gravitational wave background in its band. We identify different branches, including cosmology, stellar, and particle physics, where this next-generation halo-telescope may play a role in coming years.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Corrections

29 March, 2024

Correction: The title and abstract contained typographical errors that have been fixed. Three author names in Ref. [80] were presented incorrectly and have been fixed. References [205]–[210] were erroneously removed from the reference list during the production cycle and have been restored. Citations for those references have been inserted in Ref. [96]. Correspondingly, the Supplemental Material has been fixed to align with the reference citations in the corrected paper.

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (210)

  1. F. Zwicky, Die Rotverschiebung von extragalaktischen Nebeln, Helv. Phys. Acta 6, 110 (1933).
  2. V. C. Rubin, J. Ford, and W. Kent, Rotation of the andromeda nebula from a spectroscopic survey of emission regions, Astrophys. J. 159, 379 (1970).
  3. G. Bertone and D. Hooper, History of dark matter, Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 045002 (2018).
  4. R. H. Dicke, P. J. E. Peebles, P. G. Roll, and D. T. Wilkinson, Cosmic black-body radiation, Astrophys. J. 142, 414 (1965).
  5. A. A. Penzias and R. W. Wilson, A measurement of excess antenna temperature at 4080 Mc/s, Astrophys. J. 142, 419 (1965).
  6. A. A. Starobinsky, A new type of isotropic cosmological models without singularity, Phys. Lett. 91B, 99 (1980).
  7. A. H. Guth, The inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems, Phys. Rev. D 23, 347 (1981).
  8. A. D. Linde, A new inflationary universe scenario: A possible solution of the horizon, flatness, homogeneity, isotropy and primordial monopole problems, Phys. Lett. 108B, 389 (1982).
  9. A. Albrecht and P. J. Steinhardt, Cosmology for grand unified theories with radiatively induced symmetry breaking, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1220 (1982).
  10. G. F. Smoot et al. (COBE Collaboration), Structure in the COBE differential microwave radiometer first year maps, Astrophys. J. Lett. 396, L1 (1992).
  11. G. R. Blumenthal, S. Faber, J. R. Primack, and M. J. Rees, Formation of galaxies and large-scale structure with cold dark matter, Nature (London) 311, 517 (1984).
  12. M. Davis, G. Efstathiou, C. S. Frenk, and S. D. White, The evolution of large-scale structure in a universe dominated by cold dark matter, Astrophys. J. 292, 371 (1985).
  13. A. Klypin, J. Holtzman, J. Primack, and E. Regos, Structure formation with cold plus hot dark matter, Astrophys. J. 416, 1 (1993).
  14. A. R. Liddle and D. H. Lyth, The cold dark matter density perturbation, Phys. Rep. 231, 1 (1993).
  15. L. Hernquist, N. Katz, D. H. Weinberg, and J. Miralda-Escude, The Lyman-alpha forest in the cold dark matter model, Astrophys. J. 457, L51 (1996).
  16. S. Galli, F. Iocco, G. Bertone, and A. Melchiorri, Cmb constraints on dark matter models with large annihilation cross section, Phys. Rev. D 80, 023505 (2009).
  17. W. Hu, Mapping the dark matter through the cosmic microwave background damping tail, Astrophys. J. 557, L79 (2001).
  18. D. N. Spergel and P. J. Steinhardt, Observational evidence for self-interacting cold dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3760 (2000).
  19. W. Hu and S. Dodelson, Cosmic microwave background anisotropies, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 40, 171 (2002).
  20. S. Alam et al. (BOSS Collaboration), The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 470, 2617 (2017).
  21. Y. Wang, G.-B. Zhao, C.-H. Chuang, M. Pellejero-Ibanez, C. Zhao, F.-S. Kitaura, and S. Rodriguez-Torres, The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: A tomographic analysis of structure growth and expansion rate from anisotropic galaxy clustering, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 481, 3160 (2018).
  22. N. I. Libeskind et al., Tracing the cosmic web, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 473, 1195 (2018).
  23. Planck Collaboration, Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 641, A6 (2020).
  24. R. D. Peccei and H. R. Quinn, CP conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 1440 (1977).
  25. S. Weinberg, A new light boson?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 223 (1978).
  26. F. Wilczek, Problem of strong p and t invariance in the presence of instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 279 (1978).
  27. L. Abbott and P. Sikivie, A cosmological bound on the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 133 (1983).
  28. M. Dine and W. Fischler, The not-so-harmless axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 137 (1983).
  29. J. Preskill, M. B. Wise, and F. Wilczek, Cosmology of the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 127 (1983).
  30. Particle Data Group, Review of particle physics, Phys. Rev. D 98, 030001 (2018).
  31. P. Sikivie, Axions, domain walls, and the early universe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1156 (1982).
  32. A. Salvio, A simple motivated completion of the standard model below the Planck scale: Axions and right-handed neutrinos, Phys. Lett. B 743, 428 (2015).
  33. G. Ballesteros, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and C. Tamarit, Standard model—axion—seesaw—Higgs portal inflation. Five problems of particle physics and cosmology solved in one stroke, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 08 (2017) 001.
  34. G. Ballesteros, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and C. Tamarit, Unifying inflation with the axion, dark matter, baryogenesis, and the seesaw mechanism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 071802 (2017).
  35. A. Ernst, A. Ringwald, and C. Tamarit, Axion predictions in SO(10)×U(1)PQ models, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2018) 103.
  36. G. Ballesteros, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and C. Tamarit, Several problems in particle physics and cosmology solved in one SMASH, Front. Astron. Space Sci. 6, 55 (2019).
  37. C. Hogan and M. Rees, Axion miniclusters, Phys. Lett. B 205, 228 (1988).
  38. B. Moore, S. Ghigna, F. Governato, G. Lake, T. Quinn, J. Stadel, and P. Tozzi, Dark matter substructure within galactic halos, Astrophys. J. 524, L19 (1999).
  39. J. Diemand, M. Kuhlen, P. Madau, M. Zemp, B. Moore, D. Potter, and J. Stadel, Clumps and streams in the local dark matter distribution, Nature (London) 454, 735 (2008).
  40. M. Vogelsberger and S. D. M. White, Streams and caustics: The fine-grained structure of Λ cold dark matter haloes, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 413, 1419 (2011).
  41. P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, and K. Zioutas, Tidal streams from axion miniclusters and direct axion searches, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 01 (2016) 035.
  42. G. C. Myeong, N. W. Evans, V. Belokurov, N. C. Amorisco, and S. E. Koposov, Halo substructure in the SDSS-Gaia catalogue: Streams and clumps, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 475, 1537 (2018).
  43. A. Vaquero, J. Redondo, and J. Stadler, Early seeds of axion miniclusters, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 04 (2019) 012.
  44. A. Ayala, I. Domínguez, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, and O. Straniero, Revisiting the bound on axion-photon coupling from globular clusters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 191302 (2014).
  45. O. Straniero, A. Ayala, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, and I. Dominguez, Axion-photon coupling: Astrophysical constraints, in Proceedings of the 11th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs (2015), pp. 77–81.
  46. M. J. Dolan, F. J. Hiskens, and R. R. Volkas, Advancing globular cluster constraints on the axion-photon coupling, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2022) 096.
  47. L. Di Luzio, M. Fedele, M. Giannotti, F. Mescia, and E. Nardi, Stellar evolution confronts axion models, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 02 (2022) 035.
  48. K. Ehret, M. Frede, S. Ghazaryan, M. Hildebrandt, E.-A. Knabbe, D. Kracht, A. Lindner, J. List, T. Meier, N. Meyer, D. Notz, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, G. Wiedemann, and B. Willke, New alps results on hidden-sector lightweights, Phys. Lett. B 689, 149 (2010).
  49. M. Betz, F. Caspers, M. Gasior, M. Thumm, and S. W. Rieger, First results of the CERN resonant weakly interacting sub-eV particle search (CROWS), Phys. Rev. D 88, 075014 (2013).
  50. F. Della Valle, A. Ejlli, U. Gastaldi, G. Messineo, E. Milotti, R. Pengo, G. Ruoso, and G. Zavattini, The PVLAS experiment: Measuring vacuum magnetic birefringence and dichroism with a birefringent Fabry-Perot cavity, Eur. Phys. J. C 76, 24 (2016).
  51. R. Ballou, G. Deferne, M. Finger, M. Finger, L. Flekova, J. Hosek, S. Kunc, K. Macuchova, K. A. Meissner, P. Pugnat, M. Schott, A. Siemko, M. Slunecka, M. Sulc, C. Weinsheimer, and J. Zicha (OSQAR Collaboration), New exclusion limits on scalar and pseudoscalar axionlike particles from light shining through a wall, Phys. Rev. D 92, 092002 (2015).
  52. V. Anastassopoulos et al. (CAST Collaboration), New CAST limit on the axion-photon interaction, Nat. Phys. 13, 584 (2017).
  53. A. Caputo, G. Raffelt, and E. Vitagliano, Muonic boson limits: Supernova redux, Phys. Rev. D 105, 035022 (2022).
  54. K. Hamaguchi, N. Nagata, K. Yanagi, and J. Zheng, Limit on the axion decay constant from the cooling neutron star in cassiopeia a, Phys. Rev. D 98, 103015 (2018).
  55. D. Marsh, H. R. Russell, A. C. Fabian, B. R. McNamara, P. Nulsen, and C. S. Reynolds, A new bound on axion-like particles, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 12 (2017) 036.
  56. M. Meyer, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, J. Conrad, and M. A. Sánchez-Conde, Fermi large area telescope as a galactic supernovae axionscope, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 011103 (2017).
  57. M. Regis, M. Taoso, D. Vaz, J. Brinchmann, S. L. Zoutendijk, N. F. Bouché, and M. Steinmetz, Searching for light in the darkness: Bounds on ALP dark matter with the optical muse-faint survey, Phys. Lett. B 814, 136075 (2021).
  58. K. M. Backes et al., A quantum enhanced search for dark matter axions, Nature (London) 590, 238 (2021).
  59. D. Marsh, Axion cosmology, Phys. Rep. 643, 1 (2016).
  60. P. Sikivie, Experimental tests of the “invisible” axion, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1415 (1983).
  61. H. Primakoff, Photoproduction of neutral mesons in nuclear electric fields and the mean life of the neutral meson, Phys. Rev. 81, 899 (1951).
  62. L. B. Okun, Limits of electrodynamics: Paraphotons?, Sov. Phys. JETP 56, 502 (1982).
  63. A. Vilenkin, Particles and the Universe, edited by G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1986), p. 133.
  64. P. Chen, Resonant photon-graviton conversion in EM fields: From earth to heaven, in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Phenomenology of Unification: From Present to Future (1994), pp. 379–395.
  65. F. Bastianelli, U. Nucamendi, C. Schubert, and V. M. Villanueva, Photon-graviton mixing in an electromagnetic field, J. Phys. A 41, 164048 (2008).
  66. A. D. Dolgov and D. Ejlli, Conversion of relic gravitational waves into photons in cosmological magnetic fields, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 12 (2012) 003.
  67. B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration), Observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole merger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016).
  68. A. Ejlli, D. Ejlli, A. M. Cruise, G. Pisano, and H. Grote, Upper limits on the amplitude of ultra-high-frequency gravitational waves from graviton to photon conversion, Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 1032 (2019).
  69. T. Fujita, K. Kamada, and Y. Nakai, Gravitational waves from primordial magnetic fields via photon-graviton conversion, Phys. Rev. D 102, 103501 (2020).
  70. S. DePanfilis, A. C. Melissinos, B. E. Moskowitz, J. T. Rogers, Y. K. Semertzidis, W. U. Wuensch, H. J. Halama, A. G. Prodell, W. B. Fowler, and F. A. Nezrick, Limits on the abundance and coupling of cosmic axions at 4.5<ma<5.0  μev, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 839 (1987).
  71. C. Hagmann, P. Sikivie, N. S. Sullivan, and D. B. Tanner, Results from a search for cosmic axions, Phys. Rev. D 42, 1297 (1990).
  72. S. J. Asztalos, G. Carosi, C. Hagmann, D. Kinion, K. van Bibber, M. Hotz, L. J. Rosenberg, G. Rybka, J. Hoskins, J. Hwang, P. Sikivie, D. B. Tanner, R. Bradley, and J. Clarke, Squid-based microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 041301 (2010).
  73. L. Zhong, S. Al Kenany, K. M. Backes, B. M. Brubaker, S. B. Cahn, G. Carosi, Y. V. Gurevich, W. F. Kindel, S. K. Lamoreaux, K. W. Lehnert, S. M. Lewis, M. Malnou, R. H. Maruyama, D. A. Palken, N. M. Rapidis, J. R. Root, M. Simanovskaia, T. M. Shokair, D. H. Speller, I. Urdinaran, and K. A. van Bibber, Results from phase 1 of the haystac microwave cavity axion experiment, Phys. Rev. D 97, 092001 (2018).
  74. Y. Lee, B. Yang, H. Yoon, M. Ahn, H. Park, B. Min, D. Kim, and J. Yoo, Searching for invisible axion dark matter with an 18 T magnet haloscope, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 241805 (2022).
  75. H. Chang, J.-Y. Chang, Y.-C. Chang, Y.-H. Chang, Y.-H. Chang, C.-H. Chen, C.-F. Chen, K.-Y. Chen, Y.-F. Chen, W.-Y. Chiang, W.-C. Chien, H. T. Doan, W.-C. Hung, W. Kuo, S.-B. Lai, H.-W. Liu, M.-W. OuYang, P.-I. Wu, and S.-S. Yu, Taiwan axion search experiment with haloscope: Designs and operations, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 93, 084501 (2022).
  76. I. Stern, A. A. Chisholm, J. Hoskins, P. Sikivie, N. S. Sullivan, D. B. Tanner, G. Carosi, and K. van Bibber, Cavity design for high-frequency axion dark matter detectors, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 123305 (2015).
  77. A. Quiskamp, B. T. McAllister, P. Altin, E. N. Ivanov, M. Goryachev, and M. E. Tobar, Exclusion of ALP cogenesis dark matter in a mass window above 100  μeV, arXiv:2310.00904.
  78. J. De Miguel, A dark matter telescope probing the 6 to 60 GHz band, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 04 (2021) 075.
  79. J. F. Hernández-Cabrera, J. De Miguel, E. Hernández-Suárez, E. Joven-Álvarez, H. Lorenzo-Hernández, C. Otani, M. A. Rapado-Tamarit, and J. A. Rubiño Martín, Experimental measurement of the quality factor of a Fabry-Pérot open-cavity axion haloscope, J. Instrum. 19, P01022 (2024).
  80. J. F. Hernández-Cabrera, J. De Miguel, E. Jóven-Álvarez, E. Hernández-Suárez, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, and C. Otani, A forecast of the sensitivity of the DALI experiment to galactic axion dark matter, Symmetry 16, 163 (2024).
  81. A. Perot and C. Fabry, On the application of interference phenomena to the solution of various problems of spectroscopy and metrology, Astrophys. J. 9, 87 (1899).
  82. P. Sikivie, D. B. Tanner, and Y. Wang, Axion detection in the 10−4  eV mass range, Phys. Rev. D 50, 4744 (1994).
  83. G. Rybka, A. Wagner, K. Patel, R. Percival, K. Ramos, and A. Brill, Search for dark matter axions with the orpheus experiment, Phys. Rev. D 91, 011701 (2015).
  84. B. Majorovits (MADMAX interest Group), MADMAX: A new road to axion dark matter detection, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1342, 012098 (2017).
  85. P. Brun et al. (MADMAX Collaboration), A new experimental approach to probe QCD axion dark matter in the mass range above 40  μeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 186 (2019).
  86. M. Baryakhtar, J. Huang, and R. Lasenby, Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes, Phys. Rev. D 98, 035006 (2018).
  87. J. Chiles et al., New constraints on dark photon dark matter with superconducting nanowire detectors in an optical haloscope, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 231802 (2022).
  88. R. Cervantes, G. Carosi, S. Kimes, C. Hanretty, B. H. LaRoque, G. Leum, P. Mohapatra, N. S. Oblath, R. Ottens, Y. Park, G. Rybka, J. Sinnis, and J. Yang, Admx-orpheus first search for 70  μeV dark photon dark matter: Detailed design, operations, and analysis, Phys. Rev. D 106, 102002 (2022).
  89. R. Cervantes, G. Carosi, C. Hanretty, S. Kimes, B. H. LaRoque, G. Leum, P. Mohapatra, N. S. Oblath, R. Ottens, Y. Park, G. Rybka, J. Sinnis, and J. Yang, Search for 70  μeV dark photon dark matter with a dielectrically loaded multiwavelength microwave cavity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 201301 (2022).
  90. L. Manenti, U. Mishra, G. Bruno, H. Roberts, P. Oikonomou, R. Pasricha, I. Sarnoff, J. Weston, F. Arneodo, A. Di Giovanni, A. J. Millar, and K. D. Mora, Search for dark photons using a multilayer dielectric haloscope equipped with a single-photon avalanche diode, Phys. Rev. D 105, 052010 (2022).
  91. B. T. McAllister, G. Flower, L. E. Tobar, and M. E. Tobar, Tunable supermode dielectric resonators for axion dark-matter haloscopes, Phys. Rev. Appl. 9, 014028 (2018).
  92. A. P. Quiskamp, B. T. McAllister, G. Rybka, and M. E. Tobar, Dielectric-boosted sensitivity to cylindrical azimuthally varying transverse-magnetic resonant modes in an axion haloscope, Phys. Rev. Appl. 14, 044051 (2020).
  93. K. Renk, Basics of Laser Physics: For Students of Science and Engineering, Graduate Texts in Physics (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012).
  94. N. Ismail, C. C. Kores, D. Geskus, and M. Pollnau, Fabry-Pé rot resonator: Spectral line shapes, generic and related airy distributions, linewidths, finesses, and performance at low or frequency-dependent reflectivity, Opt. Express 24, 16366 (2016).
  95. J. F. Hernández-Cabrera, J. De Miguel, E. Hernández-Suárez, E. Joven-Álvarez, H. Lorenzo-Hernández, C. Otani, and J. A. Rubiño Martín, Free space experimental characterization of a multilayer Fabry-Pérot resonator for DALI (2023).
  96. See the Supplemental Material (which includes Refs. [205]–[210]) at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.062002 for a numerical estimate of DALI sensitivity by means of a Monte Carlo simulation that shows good agreement with the naive calculation included in the paper (I); and an expanded discussion about the axion-induced signal enhancement tenable in the experiment (II).
  97. S. Hancock, R. D. Davies, A. N. Lasenby, C. M. G. de La Cruz, R. A. Watson, R. Rebolo, and J. E. Beckman, Direct observation of structure in the cosmic microwave background, Nature (London) 367, 333 (1994).
  98. R. A. Watson et al., First results from the very small array—I. Observational methods, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 341, 1057 (2003).
  99. P. A. R. Ade et al. (Planck Collaboration), Planck early results. I. The Planck mission, Astron. Astrophys. 536, A1 (2011).
  100. J. A. Rubiño-Martín et al., QUIJOTE scientific results – IV. A northern sky survey in intensity and polarization at 10–20 GHz with the multifrequency instrument, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 519, 3383 (2023).
  101. J. A. Rubiño-Martín et al., The Tenerife Microwave Spectrometer (TMS) experiment: Studying the absolute spectrum of the sky emission in the 10–20 GHz range, in Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X, edited by J. Zmuidzinas and J.-R. Gao (SPIE, 2020).
  102. A. J. Millar, G. G. Raffelt, J. Redondo, and F. D. Steffen, Dielectric haloscopes to search for axion dark matter: Theoretical foundations, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 01 (2017) 061.
  103. J. R. Costa and J. Guterman, Introduction to antenna and near-field simulation in cst microwave studio software, IEEE Communication Society, Portugal Chapter (2010).
  104. J. Mollá, R. Heidinger, A. Ibarra, and G. Link, Dielectric properties of alumina/zirconia composites at millimeter wavelengths, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 7667 (1993).
  105. E. Daw and R. F. Bradley, Effect of high magnetic fields on the noise temperature of a heterostructure field-effect transistor low-noise amplifier, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 1925 (1997).
  106. R. Bradley, Cryogenic, low-noise, balanced amplifiers for the 300–1200 MHz band using heterostructure field-effect transistors, Nucl. Phys. B, Proc. Suppl. 72, 137 (1999).
  107. I. H. Rodrigues, D. Niepce, A. Pourkabirian, G. Moschetti, J. Schleeh, T. Bauch, and J. Grahn, On the angular dependence of inp high electron mobility transistors for cryogenic low noise amplifiers in a magnetic field, AIP Adv. 9, 085004 (2019).
  108. S. A. Bryan, T. E. Montroy, and J. E. Ruhl, Modeling dielectric half-wave plates for cosmic microwave background polarimetry using a mueller matrix formalism, Appl. Opt. 49, 6313 (2010).
  109. R. Vignaga, Quijote-mfi optics characterisation and polarisation measurements of CMB foregrounds, Ph.D. thesis, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, 2018.
  110. M. D. Bird, I. R. Dixon, and J. Toth, Large, high-field magnet projects at the NHMFL, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 25, 1 (2015).
  111. H. Liebel, High-field superconducting magnets, in High-Field MR Imaging, edited by J. Hennig and O. Speck (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012), pp. 7–25, 10.1007/174_2010_100.
  112. Y. Lvovsky, E. W. Stautner, and T. Zhang, Novel technologies and configurations of superconducting magnets for MRI, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 26, 093001 (2013).
  113. C. Abel et al., Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the neutron, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 081803 (2020).
  114. C. A. Baker, D. D. Doyle, P. Geltenbort, K. Green, M. G. D. van der Grinten, P. G. Harris, P. Iaydjiev, S. N. Ivanov, D. J. R. May, J. M. Pendlebury, J. D. Richardson, D. Shiers, and K. F. Smith, Improved experimental limit on the electric dipole moment of the neutron, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 131801 (2006).
  115. J. E. Kim, Weak-interaction singlet and strong CP invariance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 103 (1979).
  116. M. A. Shifman, A. Vainshtein, and V. I. Zakharov, Can confinement ensure natural CP invariance of strong interactions, Nucl. Phys. 166, 493 (1980).
  117. M. Dine, W. Fischler, and M. Srednicki, A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion, Phys. Lett. 104B, 199 (1981).
  118. A. P. Zhitnitskii, Possible suppression of axion-hadron interactions, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. (Engl. Transl.); (United States) 31:2, (1980).
  119. K. Choi, S. H. Im, and C. S. Shin, Recent progress in the physics of axions and axion-like particles, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 71, 225 (2021).
  120. F. Chadha-Day, J. Ellis, and D. J. E. Marsh, Axion dark matter: What is it and why now?, Sci. Adv. 8, eabj3618 (2022).
  121. A. A. Melcón et al. (CAST Collaboration), First results of the CAST-RADES haloscope search for axions at 34.67  μeV, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2020) 075.
  122. J. W. Foster, Y. Kahn, O. Macias, Z. Sun, R. P. Eatough, V. I. Kondratiev, W. M. Peters, C. Weniger, and B. R. Safdi, Green bank and effelsberg radio telescope searches for axion dark matter conversion in neutron star magnetospheres, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 171301 (2020).
  123. J. Darling, New limits on axionic dark matter from the magnetar PSR J1745-2900, Astrophys. J. Lett. 900, L28 (2020).
  124. J. Darling, Search for axionic dark matter using the magnetar PSR J1745-2900, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 121103 (2020).
  125. C. Boutan et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Piezoelectrically tuned multimode cavity search for axion dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 261302 (2018).
  126. D. Alesini et al., Galactic axions search with a superconducting resonant cavity, Phys. Rev. D 99, 101101 (2019).
  127. D. Alesini et al., Search for invisible axion dark matter of mass ma=43  μeV with the quax–aγ experiment, Phys. Rev. D 103, 102004 (2021).
  128. B. T. McAllister, G. Flower, E. N. Ivanov, M. Goryachev, J. Bourhill, and M. E. Tobar, The organ experiment: An axion haloscope above 15 GHz, Phys. Dark Universe 18, 67 (2017).
  129. A. Quiskamp, B. T. McAllister, P. Altin, E. N. Ivanov, M. Goryachev, and M. E. Tobar, Direct search for dark matter axions excluding ALP cogenesis in the 63 to 67  μeV range with the organ experiment, Sci. Adv. 8, eabq3765 (2022).
  130. C. O’Hare, cajohare/axionlimits: Axionlimits, https://cajohare.github.io/AxionLimits/ (2020).
  131. M. A. McCulloch, J. Grahn, S. J. Melhuish, P.-A. Nilsson, L. Piccirillo, J. Schleeh, and N. Wadefalk, Dependence of noise temperature on physical temperature for cryogenic low-noise amplifiers, J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. 3, 014003 (2017).
  132. J. Schleeh, J. Mateos, I. Íñiguez-de-la Torre, N. Wadefalk, P. Nilsson, J. Grahn, and A. Minnich, Phonon black-body radiation limit for heat dissipation in electronics, Nat. Mater. 14, 187 (2015).
  133. L. Di Luzio, F. Mescia, and E. Nardi, Redefining the axion window, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 031801 (2017).
  134. A. D. Linde, Axions in inflationary cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 259, 38 (1991).
  135. T. Hiramatsu, M. Kawasaki, K. Saikawa, and T. Sekiguchi, Production of dark matter axions from collapse of string-wall systems, Phys. Rev. D 85, 105020 (2012); Phys. Rev. D86, 089902(E) (2012).
  136. S. M. Barr and J. E. Kim, New confining force solution of the QCD axion domain-wall problem, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 241301 (2014).
  137. R. Sato, F. Takahashi, and M. Yamada, Unified origin of axion and monopole dark matter, and solution to the domain-wall problem, Phys. Rev. D 98, 043535 (2018).
  138. A. Ringwald and K. Saikawa, Axion dark matter in the post-inflationary Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scenario, Phys. Rev. D 93, 085031 (2016).
  139. T. Hiramatsu, M. Kawasaki, and K. Saikawa, Evolution of string-wall networks and axionic domain wall problem, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 08 (2011) 030.
  140. M. Kawasaki, T. T. Yanagida, and K. Yoshino, Domain wall and isocurvature perturbation problems in axion models, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 11 (2013) 030.
  141. K. Harigaya and M. Kawasaki, QCD axion dark matter from long-lived domain walls during matter domination, Phys. Lett. B 782, 1 (2018).
  142. C. A. J. O’Hare, G. Pierobon, J. Redondo, and Y. Y. Y. Wong, Simulations of axionlike particles in the postinflationary scenario, Phys. Rev. D 105, 055025 (2022).
  143. M. Buschmann, J. W. Foster, A. Hook, A. Peterson, D. E. Willcox, W. Zhang, and B. R. Safdi, Dark matter from axion strings with adaptive mesh refinement, Nat. Commun. 13, 1049 (2022).
  144. G. G. Raffelt and D. S. P. Dearborn, Bounds on hadronic axions from stellar evolution, Phys. Rev. D 36, 2211 (1987).
  145. G. G. Raffelt, Particle physics from stars, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 49, 163 (1999).
  146. N. Viaux, M. Catelan, P. B. Stetson, G. Raffelt, J. Redondo, A. A. R. Valcarce, and A. Weiss, Neutrino and axion bounds from the globular cluster M5 (NGC 5904), Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 231301 (2013).
  147. A. Ayala, I. Domínguez, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, and O. Straniero, Revisiting the bound on axion-photon coupling from Globular Clusters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 191302 (2014).
  148. M. M. Miller Bertolami, B. E. Melendez, L. G. Althaus, and J. Isern, Revisiting the axion bounds from the Galactic white dwarf luminosity function, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2014) 069.
  149. T. Fischer, S. Chakraborty, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, A. Payez, and A. Ringwald, Probing axions with the neutrino signal from the next galactic supernova, Phys. Rev. D 94, 085012 (2016).
  150. P. Carenza, T. Fischer, M. Giannotti, G. Guo, G. Martínez-Pinedo, and A. Mirizzi, Improved axion emissivity from a supernova via nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2019) 016; J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 05 (2020) E01.
  151. L. B. Leinson, Axion mass limit from observations of the neutron star in Cassiopeia A, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 08 (2014) 031.
  152. J. Keller and A. Sedrakian, Axions from cooling compact stars, Nucl. Phys. A897, 62 (2013).
  153. M. Giannotti, I. G. Irastorza, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and K. Saikawa, Stellar recipes for axion hunters, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2017) 010.
  154. O. Straniero, C. Pallanca, E. Dalessandro, I. Dominguez, F. R. Ferraro, M. Giannotti, A. Mirizzi, and L. Piersanti, The RGB tip of galactic globular clusters and the revision of the axion-electron coupling bound, Astron. Astrophys. 644, A166 (2020).
  155. L. D. Luzio, M. Fedele, M. Giannotti, F. Mescia, and E. Nardi, Stellar evolution confronts axion models, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 02 (2022) 035.
  156. D. Horns, J. Jaeckel, A. Lindner, A. Lobanov, J. Redondo, and A. Ringwald, Searching for WISPy cold dark matter with a dish antenna, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 04 (2013) 016.
  157. P. Arias, D. Cadamuro, M. Goodsell, J. Jaeckel, J. Redondo, and A. Ringwald, WISPy cold dark matter, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06 (2012) 013.
  158. J. Suzuki, Y. Inoue, T. Horie, and M. Minowa, Hidden photon CDM search at Tokyo, in Proceedings of the 11th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs (2015), pp. 145–148, arXiv:1509.00785.
  159. C. Boutan et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Piezoelectrically tuned multimode cavity search for axion dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 261302 (2018).
  160. P. Brun, L. Chevalier, and C. Flouzat, Direct searches for hidden-photon dark matter with the SHUKET experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 201801 (2019).
  161. A. V. Dixit, S. Chakram, K. He, A. Agrawal, R. K. Naik, D. I. Schuster, and A. Chou, Searching for dark matter with a superconducting qubit, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 141302 (2021).
  162. R. Cervantes et al., ADMX-Orpheus first search for 70  μeV dark photon dark matter: Detailed design, operations, and analysis, Phys. Rev. D 106, 102002 (2022).
  163. R. Cervantes et al., Search for 70 μeV dark photon dark matter with a dielectrically loaded multiwavelength microwave cavity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 201301 (2022).
  164. F. Bajjali et al., First results from BRASS-p broadband searches for hidden photon dark matter, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 08 (2023) 077.
  165. B. T. McAllister, A. Quiskamp, C. O’Hare, P. Altin, E. Ivanov, M. Goryachev, and M. Tobar, Limits on dark photons, scalars, and axion-electromagnetodynamics with the ORGAN experiment, Ann. Phys. (Amsterdam) 2023, 2200622 (2022).
  166. S. Kotaka et al. (DOSUE-RR Collaboration), Search for dark photon dark matter in the mass range 74–110  μeV with a cryogenic millimeter-wave receiver, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 071805 (2023).
  167. K. Ramanathan, N. Klimovich, R. Basu Thakur, B. H. Eom, H. G. Leduc, S. Shu, A. D. Beyer, and P. K. Day, Wideband direct detection constraints on hidden photon dark matter with the qualiphide experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 231001 (2023).
  168. A. Caputo, A. J. Millar, C. A. J. O’Hare, and E. Vitagliano, Dark photon limits: A handbook, Phys. Rev. D 104, 095029 (2021).
  169. C. J. Hogan and M. J. Rees, Axion miniclusters, Phys. Lett. B 205, 228 (1988).
  170. C. A. O’Hare and A. M. Green, Axion astronomy with microwave cavity experiments, Phys. Rev. D 95, 063017 (2017).
  171. S. Knirck, A. J. Millar, C. A. J. O’Hare, J. Redondo, and F. D. Steffen, Directional axion detection, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 11 (2018) 051.
  172. C. A. J. O’Hare, C. McCabe, N. W. Evans, G. Myeong, and V. Belokurov, Dark matter hurricane: Measuring the s1 stream with dark matter detectors, Phys. Rev. D 98, 103006 (2018).
  173. E. Witten, Cosmic separation of phases, Phys. Rev. D 30, 272 (1984).
  174. X. Liang and A. Zhitnitsky, Axion field and the quark nugget’s formation at the QCD phase transition, Phys. Rev. D 94, 083502 (2016).
  175. H. Fischer, X. Liang, Y. Semertzidis, A. Zhitnitsky, and K. Zioutas, New mechanism producing axions in the AQN model and how the CAST can discover them, Phys. Rev. D 98, 043013 (2018).
  176. X. Liang and A. Zhitnitsky, Gravitationally bound axions and how one can discover them, Phys. Rev. D 99, 023015 (2019).
  177. X. Liang, A. Mead, M. S. R. Siddiqui, L. Van Waerbeke, and A. Zhitnitsky, Axion quark nugget dark matter: Time modulations and amplifications, Phys. Rev. D 101, 043512 (2020).
  178. D. Budker, V. V. Flambaum, X. Liang, and A. Zhitnitsky, Axion quark nuggets and how a global network can discover them, Phys. Rev. D 101, 043012 (2020).
  179. A. Zhitnitsky, Axion quark nuggets. Dark matter and matter–antimatter asymmetry: Theory, observations and future experiments, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 36, 2130017 (2021).
  180. B. R. Patla, R. J. Nemiroff, D. H. H. Hoffmann, and K. Zioutas, Flux enhancement of slow-moving particles by sun or jupiter: Can they be detected on earth?, Astrophys. J. 780, 158 (2013).
  181. A. J. Millar, J. Redondo, and F. D. Steffen, Dielectric haloscopes: Sensitivity to the axion dark matter velocity, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2017) 006; J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 05 (2018) E02.
  182. P. W. Gorham et al. (ANITA Collaboration), Characteristics of four upward-pointing cosmic-ray-like events observed with anita, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 071101 (2016).
  183. P. W. Gorham et al. (ANITA Collaboration), Observation of an unusual upward-going cosmic-ray-like event in the third flight of ANITA, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 161102 (2018).
  184. I. Esteban, J. Lopez-Pavon, I. Martinez-Soler, and J. Salvado, Looking at the axionic dark sector with ANITA, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 259 (2020).
  185. M. Gertsenshtein, Resonance of light and gravitational waves, Sov. Phys. JETP. Fiz. 14, 84 (1962).
  186. G. Raffelt and L. Stodolsky, Mixing of the photon with low-mass particles, Phys. Rev. D 37, 1237 (1988).
  187. J. A. R. Cembranos, M. C. Diaz, and P. Martin-Moruno, Graviton-photon oscillation in alternative theories of gravity, Classical Quantum Gravity 35, 205008 (2018).
  188. J. A. Marck and J. P. Lasota, Relativistic Gravitation and Gravitational Radiation. Proceedings, School of Physics, Les Houches, France, 1995 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1997).
  189. M. Maggiore, Gravitational wave experiments and early universe cosmology, Phys. Rep. 331, 283 (2000).
  190. M. Servin and G. Brodin, Resonant interaction between gravitational waves, electromagnetic waves and plasma flows, Phys. Rev. D 68, 044017 (2003).
  191. G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan and V. N. Rudenko, Very high frequency gravitational wave background in the universe, Classical Quantum Gravity 21, 3347 (2004).
  192. C. Clarkson and S. S. Seahra, A gravitational wave window on extra dimensions, Classical Quantum Gravity 24, F33 (2007).
  193. A. Ejlli, D. Ejlli, A. M. Cruise, G. Pisano, and H. Grote, Upper limits on the amplitude of ultra-high-frequency gravitational waves from graviton to photon conversion, Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 1032 (2019).
  194. A. S. Chou, R. Gustafson, C. Hogan, B. Kamai, O. Kwon, R. Lanza, S. L. Larson, L. McCuller, S. S. Meyer, J. Richardson, C. Stoughton, R. Tomlin, R. Weiss(Holometer Collaboration), MHz gravitational wave constraints with decameter Michelson interferometers, Phys. Rev. D 95, 063002 (2017).
  195. A. M. Cruise and R. M. J. Ingley, A prototype gravitational wave detector for 100-MHz, Classical Quantum Gravity 23, 6185 (2006).
  196. A. Nishizawa et al., Laser-interferometric detectors for gravitational wave background at 100 MHz: Detector design and sensitivity, Phys. Rev. D 77, 022002 (2008).
  197. T. Akutsu et al., Search for a stochastic background of 100-MHz gravitational waves with laser interferometers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 101101 (2008).
  198. A. Ito, T. Ikeda, K. Miuchi, and J. Soda, Probing GHz gravitational waves with graviton–magnon resonance, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 179 (2020).
  199. R. Ballou et al. (OSQAR Collaboration), New exclusion limits on scalar and pseudoscalar axionlike particles from light shining through a wall, Phys. Rev. D 92, 092002 (2015).
  200. K. Ehret et al., New ALPS results on hidden-sector lightweights, Phys. Lett. B 689, 149 (2010).
  201. R. H. Dicke, The measurement of thermal radiation at microwave frequencies, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 17, 268 (1946).
  202. G. Aad et al. (ATLAS Collaboration), Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 716, 1 (2012).
  203. S. Chatrchyan et al. (CMS Collaboration), Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 716, 30 (2012).
  204. S. Chatrchyan et al. (CMS Collaboration), Observation of a new boson with mass near 125 GeV in pp collisions at s=7 and 8 TeV, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2013) 081.
  205. B. M. Brubaker, L. Zhong, S. K. Lamoreaux, K. W. Lehnert, and K. A. van Bibber, HAYSTAC axion search analysis procedure, Phys. Rev. D 96, 123008 (2017).
  206. X. Zhao and D. Vanderbilt, Phonons and lattice dielectric properties of zirconia, Phys. Rev. B 65, 075105 (2002).
  207. G.-M. Rignanese, F. Detraux, X. Gonze, and A. Pasquarello, First-principles study of dynamical and dielectric properties of tetragonal zirconia, Phys. Rev. B 64, 134301 (2001).
  208. P. S. André, L. C. Costa, and S. Devesa, Fabry–Perot-based approach for the measurement of complex permittivity of samples inserted in resonant cavities, Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett. 43, 106 (2004).
  209. M. Lanagan, J. Yamamoto, A. Bhalla, and S. Sankar, The dielectric properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia, Mater. Lett. 7, 437 (1989).
  210. F. A. Miranda, W. L. Gordon, V. O. Heinen, B. T. Ebihara, and K. B. Bhasin, Measurements of complex permittivity of microwave substrates in the 20 to 300 K temperature range from 26.5 to 40.0 GHz, in Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Part A & B, edited by R. W. Fast (Springer US, Boston, MA, 1990), pp. 1593–1599.

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. D 109, 062002– Published 7 March, 2024
  • Received 27 March 2023
  • Accepted 9 January 2024
  • Corrected 29 March 2024
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation