• Accepted Paper

Octupolar bremsstrahlung waveform up to the two-loop level and the third-and-a-half post-Newtonian accuracy

Donato Bini, Thibault Damour, and Andrea Geralico

Phys. Rev. D - Accepted 12 November, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/dlsn-mk4n

Abstract

Extending our recent work (which focussed on the even-parity quadrupolar part of the waveform), we compute the even-parity octupolar contribution, U3, to the gravitational waveform W emitted during the scattering of two masses. We work within the Multipolar Post-Minkowskian (MPM) formalism, and use the 3.5 Post-Newtonian (PN) accurate radiation-reacted quasi-Keplerian representation of the hyperbolic motion. We explicitly evaluate the frequency-domain value U3(omega, theta, phi) of U3 up to the 2-loop level, i.e. O(G^4) contributions to hij(omega, theta, phi), corresponding to O(G^3) contributions to U3(omega, theta, phi). As a crucial partial confirmation of our result, we find that the 1-loop truncation of our 3.5 PN frequency-domain MPM waveform agrees with corresponding existing Effective Field Theory (EFT) results when taking into account exactly the same (2.5PN-level) difference in the definitions of the center-of-mass origins within the two formalisms that was deduced from our previous quadrupolar comparison.

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