• Accepted Paper

Buchdahl solution generator for Einstein-sigma gravity and multiscalar-tensor gravity

David S. Pereira, Francisco S. N. Lobo, and José Pedro Mimoso

Phys. Rev. D - Accepted 9 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9y7s-fvxg

Abstract

Buchdahl transformations provide a geometric route from vacuum spacetimes to scalar-field solutions. We formulate this mechanism as a target-covariant solution generator for Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear sigma models in D>3 dimensions. On any connected region in which a Ricci-flat seed admits a non-null hypersurface-orthogonal cyclic coordinate with fixed-sign nonzero norm, the logarithm of that norm defines a Buchdahl potential Σ. A one-parameter redistribution of the cyclic norm then generates the exact Ricci source RAB=CD(β)∂AΣ∂BΣ, with CD(β)=D−2D−3(1−β2), while Σ remains harmonic in the deformed metric. Composing Σ with an affinely parametrized geodesic of a non-degenerate target metric whose squared speed is CD(β) therefore yields an exact Einstein–sigma-model solution. For positive-definite targets, the corresponding pullback condition also implies that the nontrivial scalar map has one-dimensional image; for indefinite targets, the geodesic ansatz remains a sufficient solution-generating sector but need not exhaust all possible realizations of the same rank-one spacetime source. Through the Einstein/Jordan-frame correspondence, the construction gives vacuum tensor–multiscalar solutions as well. We illustrate the unified generator with flat, spherical, hyperbolic and axion–dilaton targets and with Tangherlini, Weyl, Kasner, Rosen-wave, Gowdy, Kaluza–Klein bubble and C-metric seeds. The result separates cleanly the geometric Buchdahl source from its target-space realization and extends this rank-one cyclic sector across static, cosmological, wave and accelerating geometries.

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