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Chromomagnetic condensate in finite-temperature SU(2) Yang-Mills theory under an imaginary rotation

Hao-Lei Chen1,2,* and Xu-Guang Huang3,4,2,†

  • 1Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • 2Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics, NSFC and Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • 3Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • 4Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

  • *Contact author: hlchen@shu.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: huangxuguang@fudan.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 114, 014005 – Published 6 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zw12-rl6w

Abstract

We investigate the finite-temperature SU(2) Savvidy model under an imaginary angular velocity. Employing the background-field method, we derive the one-loop effective potential and analyze both its real and imaginary parts. We demonstrate that imaginary rotation modifies the chromomagnetic condensate and the Polyakov loop, and can partially suppress the Nielsen-Olesen instability of the chromomagnetic background. Moreover, a high-temperature expansion shows that imaginary rotation strengthens the effective coupling and that the chromomagnetic field induces a negative contribution to the moment of inertia.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 014005– Published 6 July, 2026
  • Received 16 April 2026
  • Accepted 9 June 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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