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Toward high-precision inspiral gravitational waveforms from binary neutron star mergers in numerical relativity

Kenta Kiuchi

Phys. Rev. D 112, 084008 – Published 6 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zmdc-xkcm

Abstract

We report the performance of a newly implemented fourth-order accurate finite-volume Harten-Lax-van Leer-contact Riemann solver in the adaptive-mesh-refinement numerical relativity code sacra-mpi. First, we validate our implementation in one-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamics tests, i.e., a simple wave and shock tube test, which have analytic solutions. We demonstrate that the fourth-order convergence is achieved for the smooth flow, which cannot be achieved in our original second-order accurate finite-volume Riemann solver. We also show that our new solver is robust for the strong shock wave emergence problem. Second, we validate the implementation in a dynamical spacetime by demonstrating that sacra-mpi perfectly preserves the π symmetry without imposing the π symmetry in a short-term (∼20  ms in the inspiral and subsequent postmerger phase) nonspinning equal-mass binary neutron star merger simulations. Finally, we quantify the accuracy of ≈28 cycle inspiral gravitational waveforms from binary neutron star mergers by conducting a resolution study with ≈78, 94, 118, and 135 m. We find that the fourth-order accurate Riemann solver achieves the convergence order ≈2.1±0.05–2.4±0.27, i.e., slightly evolving with time, in the inspiral gravitational wave phase, while the second-order accurate Riemann solver achieves the convergence order ≈2.0±0.5. The residual phase error towards the continuum limit at the merger is 0.27±0.07  rad and 0.58±0.22  rad out of a total phase of ≈176  rad, respectively, for the fourth- and second-order accurate Riemann solver.

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