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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Searching for the QCD critical end point using multipoint Padé approximations

D. A. Clarke1, P. Dimopoulos2, F. Di Renzo2, J. Goswami3, C. Schmidt4, S. Singh4, and K. Zambello5

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Phys. Rev. D 112, L091504 – Published 24 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/y6kg-ry8x

Abstract

Using the multipoint Padé approach, we locate Lee-Yang edge singularities of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) pressure in the complex baryon chemical potential plane. These singularities are extracted from singularities in the net baryon-number density calculated in Nf=2+1 lattice QCD at physical quark mass and purely imaginary chemical potential. Taking an appropriate scaling ansatz in the vicinity of the conjectured QCD critical end point, we extrapolate the singularities on Nτ=6 lattices to pure real baryon chemical potential to estimate the position of the critical end point (CEP). We find TCEP=102−23+11  MeV and μBCEP=428−74+162  MeV, which compares well with recent estimates in the literature. For the slope of the transition line at the critical point we find −0.16(20).

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Phys. Rev. D 112, L091504– Published 24 November, 2025
  • Received 2 June 2024
  • Accepted 14 October 2025
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