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Searching for beyond-standard-model solar neutrino interactions using directional detectors

Anirudh Chandra Shekar1,*, Chiara Lisotti2,†, Nityasa Mishra1,‡, Ciaran A. J. O’Hare2,§, and Louis E. Strigari1,∥

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
  • 2ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics, The University of Sydney, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia

  • *Contact author: anirudhcs@tamu.edu
  • †Contact author: maria.lisotti@sydney.edu.au
  • ‡Contact author: nityasa_mishra@tamu.edu
  • §Contact author: ciaran.ohare@sydney.edu.au
  • ∥Contact author: strigari@tamu.edu
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 123021 – Published 9 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/sgnz-cw31

Abstract

Micropattern gaseous detectors (MPGDs) are a class of technologies that enable the full three-dimensional spatial reconstruction of ionization tracks from nuclear and electron recoils in gas. Anticipating near-future 30  m3-scale time projection chambers with MPGD-based readout, we forecast the sensitivity of such directionally sensitive low-energy recoil detectors to neutrino interactions beyond the standard model. We work in the framework of neutrino nonstandard interactions (NSIs), and calculate the combined recoil energy-angle distributions of the electron recoil signal generated by solar neutrinos in atmospheric-pressure He:CF4 gas. We estimate the expected exclusion limits that such an experiment could place on various NSI parameters, as well as the mass and coupling of a new light mediator that interacts with electrons and neutrinos. We find that with an achievable background reduction of around a factor of ten from current estimates for a 30  m3 optical-readout detector using this gas mixture, sensitivity to NSI parameters would already approach Borexino’s sensitivity. Directionality also allows for event-by-event neutrino energy reconstruction, which would provide a means to resolve some parameter degeneracies present in the modified neutrino cross section in this formalism. Our results strongly motivate the development of small-scale directionally sensitive gas detectors for neutrino physics.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 123021– Published 9 December, 2025
  • Received 7 August 2025
  • Accepted 26 November 2025
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