Pair luminosity and cooling of newborn strange star: Color-flavor-locked and two-flavor color superconducting quarks
Phys. Rev. D 114, 043029 – Published 11 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/sczy-p7f5
Abstract
Following the previous work by us [Phys. Rev. D 113, 023007 (2026)], here we consider early thermal evolution of hot strange stars made of color superconducting quarks in two different pairing states: two-flavor color superconductor and color-flavor-locked (CFL) phases, taking into account cooling by neutrinos and electron-positron pair creation due to the Schwinger process. We show that Schwinger luminosity in the electrosphere is a universal function of temperature, independent of quark matter phase for quark chemical potential . The surface of a strange star in all the cases cools faster than its interior. This leads to a fast decrease of pair luminosity with time, so it does not exceed at 1 sec after strange star formation. Neutrino luminosity dominates over pair luminosity in all the cases except for the CFL phase with a large gap parameter , where there is a strong suppression of neutrino emission. The total energy emitted in electron-positron pairs is always smaller than the energy emitted in neutrinos, but they become comparable for the large gap parameter.