- Letter
Micro-Bose or Proca dark matter stars from black hole superradiance
Phys. Rev. D 113, L101304 – Published 12 May, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rwn4-8ywh
Abstract
We study the production of heavy, , bosonic spin , 1 dark matter (DM) via the simultaneous processes of Hawking evaporation and superradiance (SR) from an initial population of small, , primordial black holes (PBHs). Even for small initial PBH spins, the SR process can produce extremely dense gravitationally bound DM Bose or Proca soliton “stars” of radius and mass that can survive to today, well after PBH decay. These solitons can constitute a significant fraction of the DM density, rising to in the vector DM case.