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    TDCOSMO XXV: Measuring H0 to 6.5% precision with quasar strong lensing and maximally flexible mass-sheet dynamics

    William Sheu1,*, Tommaso Treu1, Martin Millon2,3, Frédéric Dux4,5, Devon Williams1, Shawn Knabel1, Simon Birrer6, Pritom Mozumdar1, Giacomo Queirolo7 et al. (TDCOSMO collaboration)

    Giacomo Queirolo7, Anowar J. Shajib8,9,10, Michele Cappellari11, Kenneth C. Wong12, Ildar M. Asfandiyarov13, Otabek A. Burkhonov13, Frédéric Courbin14,15,16, Shuhrat A. Ehgamberdiev13,17, Sofía Rojas-Ruiz1, Asadulla M. Shaymanov13, and Talat A. Akhunov18,13 (TDCOSMO collaboration)

    • *Contact author: wsheu@astro.ucla.edu

    Phys. Rev. D 114, 063509 – Published 10 September, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rlrr-pzck

    Abstract

    We present a blind time-delay cosmography measurement of the Hubble-Lemaître constant H0 based on the quadruply imaged quasar SDSSJ1433 + 6007. Our analysis combines deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging, extended time-delay monitoring from the Wendelstein and Maidanak Observatories, and spatially resolved stellar kinematics from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager and Reionization Mapper. We build a robust lens model to reconstruct the mass distribution and high-signal-to-noise kinematic maps to break the mass-sheet degeneracy, explicitly accounting for the lens galaxy’s oblateness, rotation, and anisotropy. Furthermore, we constrain the external convergence (κext) by characterizing the line-of-sight environment using wide-field photometry from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Survey data release 10. We incorporate these constraints into our joint lensing and dynamical model, running multiple iterations to estimate random and systematic uncertainties. Accounting for maximal flexibility of the mass-sheet transformation, and assuming a flat Λ cold dark matter cosmology and an Ωm,0 prior from DESI data release 2, we infer H0=73.2−4.7+4.8  km s−1 Mpc−1 (a 6.5% precision) and an internal mass-sheet parameter λint=1.12−0.06+0.05. Notably, λint is 2σ away from unity for this system, highlighting the importance of treating it as a free parameter. Our H0 measurement is consistent with the result from our 2025 milestone paper, and it will be included in our next hierarchical analysis to improve the overall precision. Moving forward, the comprehensive pipeline demonstrated herein establishes a robust framework that can be readily applied to future strongly lensed systems to further refine cosmological constraints.

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