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    Updated and projected cosmic microwave background bounds on WIMP annihilation

    Charlotte Myers

    Dominic Agius

    Daniele Gaggero

    Angelo Ricciardone

    • MIT Department of Physics, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

    • Dipartimento di Fisica “Enrico Fermi,” Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa I-56127, Italy and INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy

    Phys. Rev. D 113, 123018 – Published 8 June, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/rbhm-bnpx

    Abstract

    We derive updated cosmic microwave background (CMB) constraints on annihilating dark matter and present forecasts for upcoming CMB surveys. We show that the addition of recent temperature, polarization, and lensing data from ground-based experiments yields only minor improvements (≈10%) compared to Planck bounds, confirming that the sensitivity remains dominated by the large-scale E-mode polarization. Forecasts, using a LiteBIRD-like setup, indicate that pairing a low-noise, wide-sky satellite at ℓ<200 with high-resolution ground observations nearly saturates the cosmic-variance limit, improving bounds by ≈60%, where our derived 95th percentile limit is pann<1.27×10−28  cm2 s−1 GeV−1. We also consider the inclusion of B-mode polarization for a realistic future experiment.

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