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    Resolving the Planck-DESI tension by nonminimally coupled quintessence

    Jia-Qi Wang1,2, Rong-Gen Cai3, Zong-Kuan Guo1,4,5, and Shao-Jiang Wang1,6,*

    • *Contact author: schwang@itp.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. D 113, 083534 – Published 28 April, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/r6cx-8ghz

    Abstract

    The Planck measurement of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has established the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model as the concordant model along with other observations. However, recent measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) have renewed the matter fraction Ωm tension between Planck-ΛCDM and DESI-ΛCDM. Directly reconciling this CMB-BAO tension with a dynamical dark energy in Chevallier-Polarski-Linder parametrization seems to imply a crossing of the equation of state (EOS) through w=−1 at low redshifts. In this paper, we resolve this Ωm tension by allowing for the dark matter nonminimally coupled to gravity via a quintessence field. This nonminimal coupling is preferred over 3σ confidence level. Consequently, even though the usual effective EOS of the coupled quintessence apart from the standard CDM part never crosses but always is above w=−1, a misidentification with the w0waCDM model would exactly fake such a crossing behavior, and the tensions on neutrino mass and growth rate in the ΛCDM model are also relieved in our model as a result of the resolved Ωm tension.

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