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    High-precision ringdown surrogate model for nonprecessing binary black holes

    Lorena Magaña Zertuche1,2,*, Leo C. Stein1, Keefe Mitman3, Scott E. Field4,5, Vijay Varma4, Michael Boyle6, Nils Deppe7,8,6, Lawrence E. Kidder6, Jordan Moxon3 et al.

    Harald P. Pfeiffer9, Mark A. Scheel3, Kyle C. Nelli3, William Throwe6, and Nils L. Vu3

    • *Contact author: lorena.zertuche@nbi.ku.dk

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 024077 – Published 30 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/q7sy-g3kl

    Abstract

    Highly precise and robust waveform models are required as improvements in detector sensitivity enable us to test general relativity with more precision than ever before. In this work, we introduce a spin-aligned surrogate ringdown model. This ringdown surrogate, nrsur3dq8_rd, is built with numerical waveforms produced using Cauchy-characteristic evolution. In addition, these waveforms are in the super-rest frame of the remnant black hole allowing us to do a correct analysis of the ringdown spectrum. The novel prediction of our surrogate model is complex-valued quasinormal mode (QNM) amplitudes, with median relative errors of 10−2−10−3 over the parameter space. Like previous remnant surrogates, we also predict the remnant black hole’s mass and spin. The QNM mode amplitude errors translate into median errors on ringdown waveforms of ∼10−4. The high accuracy and QNM mode content provided by our surrogate will enable high-precision ringdown analyses such as tests of general relativity. Our ringdown model is publicly available through the python package surfinbh.

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