We intensively study the nonperturbative quantum correction to the Reissner-Nordström black hole by means of test particles’ bound orbits. By considering circular orbits for a test particle, we present the existence and stability of them in the black hole. It shows that the unstable and stable circular orbits depend on two dimensionless parameters ($q$, $\tilde{w}$). Here, $q$ represents the charge of the black hole, and $\tilde{w}$ comes from a free parameter that can turn the quantum effects on the black hole “off” and “on.” In light of the tremendous progress made by the new generations of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and the near-infrared interferometer GRAVITY, we calculate the radius of the photon sphere and the timelike particle’s precessing orbit, and find a preliminary bound on the free quantum parameter and the charge parameter in the black hole by making use of the results from EHT and GRAVITY together, the values of which are $q=-0.6\pm 1.2$ and $\tilde{w}=0.9\pm 2.3$. With the further improvement and upgrade of EHT and $\mathrm{GRAVITY}+$, it is found that the precision of the future EHT and $\mathrm{GRAVITY}+$ observations might reduce the uncertainties of the parameters and narrow their ranges. We also investigate another method to constrain this black hole using multiple S-stars orbital dynamics in the future. In view of considering predictions of the orbit and radial velocity for other S-stars, our results show that making the pericenter distance smaller and the eccentricity larger will make the position deviations on the sky between the black hole and the Schwarzschild one larger. And the main influence on the position deviations comes from the charge parameter. In comparison to the effect of the charge parameter, the signature of the quantum effect on the black hole may be still “tiny” and cannot realistically be sufficient to be detected on the condition that these experiments are all conducted in the gravitational field of one supermassive body. Searching for Planck sized black holes in the future, such as primordial black holes, might provide a promising way to identify the quantum effect from the signatures of the black hole.

Close

PrevNext

View figure in article

• Alternative gravity theories
• Experimental studies of gravity
• General relativity