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  • Open Access

Open-flavor heavy hadron production in heavy-ion collisions

C. E. Fontoura1,2,*, G. Krein2,†, A. Valcarce3,‡, and J. Vijande4,§

  • 1Centro Universitário Faculdade de Informática e Administração Paulista, 01311-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 2Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Dr. Bento Teobaldo Ferraz, 271-Bloco II, 01140-070, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 3Departamento de Física Fundamental and IUFFyM, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
  • 4Unidad Mixta de Investigacin en Radiofísica e Instrumentación Nuclear en Medicina (IRIMED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS-La Fe), Universitat de Valencia (UV) and IFIC (UV-CSIC), 46100 Valencia, Spain

  • *Contact author: ce.fontoura@unesp.br
  • †Contact author: gastao.krein@unesp.br
  • ‡Contact author: valcarce@usal.es
  • §Contact author: javier.vijande@uv.es
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014007 – Published 2 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/q234-ysnj

Abstract

We study the production of open-flavor heavy hadrons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The hadronization in the quark-gluon plasma is described in the quark coalescence model. We evaluated yields and transverse momentum distributions. A simultaneous study of conventional and exotic hadrons is carried out. The Wigner functions are evaluated using hadron wave functions obtained from a single realistic quark model. Thus, results are presented in a single framework for the production of open-flavor heavy mesons, baryons, and exotic tetraquarks, in particular: D0, B0, ΛQ, ΣQ, ΞQ, ΞQQ′, and TQQ′ (Q,Q′=c or b). The consequences of a partial restoration of chiral symmetry at the hadronization temperature are studied in detail.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014007– Published 2 July, 2025
  • Received 29 December 2024
  • Accepted 10 June 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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