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Deep learning-based holography for T-linear resistivity

Byoungjoon Ahn1,*, Hyun-Sik Jeong2,4,5,†, Chang-Woo Ji1,‡, Keun-Young Kim1,3,§, and Kwan Yun1,∥

  • *Contact author: bjahn123@gist.ac.kr
  • †Contact author: hyunsik.jeong@csic.es
  • ‡Contact author: physianoji@gm.gist.ac.kr
  • §Contact author: fortoe@gist.ac.kr
  • ∥Contact author: ludibriphy70@gm.gist.ac.kr
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 126008 – Published 12 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/nh4n-ylnz

Abstract

We employ deep learning within holographic duality to investigate T-linear resistivity, a hallmark of strange metals. Utilizing physics-informed neural networks, we incorporate boundary data for T-linear resistivity and bulk differential equations into a loss function. This approach allows us to derive dilaton potentials in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion theories, capturing essential features of strange metals, such as T-linear resistivity and linear specific heat scaling. We also explore the impact of the resistivity slope on dilaton potentials. Regardless of slope, dilaton potentials exhibit universal exponential growth at low temperatures, driving T-linear resistivity and matching infrared geometric analyses. At a specific slope, our method rediscovers the Gubser-Rocha model, a well-known holographic model of strange metals. Additionally, the robustness of T-linear resistivity at higher temperatures correlates with the asymptotic Anti-de Sitter behavior of the dilaton coupling to the Maxwell term. Our findings suggest that deep learning could help uncover mechanisms in holographic condensed matter systems and advance our understanding of strange metals.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 126008– Published 12 December, 2025
  • Received 18 May 2025
  • Accepted 11 November 2025
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