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  • Open Access

Color gauge invariant theory of diquark interactions

Jun-Feng Wang1,2,*, De-Shun Zhang1,2,†, and Zhi-Feng Sun1,2,3,4,‡

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2Research Center for Hadron and CSR Physics, Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern Physics of CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 3Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE, Gansu Provincial Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Quantum Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 4Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China

  • *Contact author: wjunfeng2023@lzu.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: 220220940071@lzu.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: sunzf@lzu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 016019 – Published 20 January, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/mw52-xl56

Abstract

In the present work, we construct a color gauge invariant theory of diquark interactions. With the transformation rule of the diquark fields and the definition of the covariant derivatives under color SU(3) symmetry, we construct the gauge invariant Lagrangians describing the vertices of S−S−G, A−A−G, SQ−SQ−G, AQ−AQ−G, and SQ−AQ−G, where S(Q) is the light (heavy) scalar diquark field, A(Q) is the light (heavy) axial vector diquark field, and G is the gluon field. And then we derive the one-gluon-exchange effective potentials for diquark-antidiquark interactions using the obtained Lagrangians. By comparing these potentials with those in the Godfrey-Isgur quark model, the coupling constants of the Lagrangians are determined. We find that the potentials are mainly made of Coulomb, contact, and tensor terms. The potential for the process SA¯→AS¯ is 0, since LSAG=0. And the tensor terms proportional to g2 are negligible.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 016019– Published 20 January, 2026
  • Received 24 September 2025
  • Accepted 23 December 2025
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