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Probing quark-lepton correlations in GUTs with high-precision neutrino measurements

Zi-Qiang Chen1,2,3, Gao-Xiang Fang1,2,3, and Ye-Ling Zhou1

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 115024 – Published 10 June, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/lwmz-2y6c

Abstract

Grand unified theories (GUTs) unify quarks and leptons into same representations and predict correlations between their masses and mixing. We perform numerical scans in SO(10) GUTs to explore the flavor space with new data of JUNO taken into account. The quark-lepton correlation shows the preference of normal ordering for light neutrino masses, predicts favored region of the CP-violating phase in neutrino oscillations, and classifies GUT models based on their testability in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. The quark-lepton correlation predicts mass spectrum of right-handed neutrinos, pointing to the energy scale of baryon and lepton number violation and providing sources for baryogenesis. We emphasize that, as high precision measurements of neutrino physics are coming, the quark-lepton correlation will provide increasingly important role in the testability of GUTs, complementary to proton decay measurements.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 115024– Published 10 June, 2026
  • Received 8 December 2025
  • Accepted 15 May 2026
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