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  • Open Access

Complementary search of fermionic absorption operators at hadron colliders and direct detection experiments

Kai Ma1,*, Shao-Feng Ge2,3,†, Lin-Yun He4,‡, and Ning Zhou2,3,§

  • *Contact author: makai@ucas.ac.cn
  • †Contact author: gesf@sjtu.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: a1164432527@gmail.com
  • §Contact author: nzhou@sjtu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 015027 – Published 20 January, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/lvm4-qwvh

Abstract

Instead of the energy recoil signal at direct detection experiments, dark fermion appears as missing energy at hadron colliders. For a fermionc dark sector particle that coupled with quarks and neutrino via absorption operators, its production at collider is accompanied by an invisible neutrino. We study in details the mono-X (photon, jet, and Z) productions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We start from the quark-level absorption operators to make easy comparison between the collider and direct detection experiments. In other words, we study the model-independent constraints on a dark fermion with absorption operator. In addition, the interplay and comparison with the possible detection at the neutrino experiments, especially Borexino, is also briefly discussed. We find that light nuclear target can provide the stronger constraints on both spin-dependent and spin-independent absorption operators.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 015027– Published 20 January, 2026
  • Received 28 August 2025
  • Accepted 2 January 2026
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