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Leading-twist gluon transverse momentum dependent distributions from large-momentum effective theory

Xiupeng Xie and Zhun Lu*

  • *Contact author: zhunlu@seu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 054013 – Published 6 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ltn6-lypk

Abstract

We present the perturbative calculation of the leading-twist gluon transverse momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDPDFs) at one-loop level within large-momentum effective theory. By employing the basis of circular polarizations, we generalize the gluon-gluon correlator to a matrix ΦΛΛ′ij(x,kT2;S) in the gluon ⊗ hadron spin space. Incorporating the transverse momentum of external states, we derive the leading-twist gluon TMDPDFs and quasi-TMDPDFs at one-loop level. Our calculations reveal nonzero distributions for the gluon TMDPDFs f1T⊥g(x,kT2), h1⊥g(x,kT2), h1Tg(x,kT2), and h1T⊥g(x,kT2). These findings enable future lattice quantum chromodynamics simulations to extract these gluon TMDPDFs, which will facilitate a complete determination of nucleon tomography.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 054013– Published 6 March, 2026
  • Received 10 December 2025
  • Accepted 9 February 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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