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Lepton number violating and conserving heavy baryon four-body decays in the presence of two almost degenerate heavy neutrinos

Fabiola Fortuna* and Genaro Toledo†

Gerardo Hernández-Tomé‡

Diego Portillo-Sánchez§

  • *Contact author: fabyfortuna@fisica.unam.mx
  • †Contact author: toledo@fisica.unam.mx
  • ‡Contact author: gerardo.hernandez@uaeh.edu.mx
  • §Contact author: diego.portillo@cinvestav.mx

Phys. Rev. D 112, 015010 – Published 9 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/lrx5-ck8k

Abstract

We study the four-body heavy baryon decay, including two leptons in the final state, of the form BA→BBPℓαℓβ, which can be either a lepton number conserving (LNC) or a lepton number violating (LNV) process (where B, P, and ℓ are baryons, pseudoscalar mesons, and leptons, respectively), including all kinematic allowed lepton pair possibilities. We work beyond the simplified assumption of a single heavy Majorana neutrino mixing with the active sector, considering potential interference effects when including two nearly degenerate heavy Majorana neutrinos. Particularly, we provide a first estimate of the decay channels involving different flavors for the external leptons (e.g., muon-tau) and elaborate on the interference pattern due to leptons exchange. We show that the results for the two heavy almost degenerate neutrinos can be recast into a single Majorana neutrino and exhibit the features for both the LNC and LNV scenarios. We determine the potential exclusion region for the mass and heavy-light mixing parameters, of the neutrinos driving the decay, including finite size detector effects, and compare them with those from direct searches and τ and meson decays. We also obtain the branching ratio as a function of the heavy neutrino mass for the current upper limit of the heavy-light mixings.

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