Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Open Access

ΛcN correlation functions with leading-order covariant chiral interactions

Ru-You Zheng1,2, Zhi-Wei Liu3,4,*, and Li-Sheng Geng5,1,6,7,†

  • 1School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China
  • 2Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
  • 3Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
  • 4Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Safety, Shenzhen 518060, China
  • 5Sino-French Carbon Neutrality Research Center, École Centrale de Pékin/School of General Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • 6Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  • 7Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT), Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huizhou 516000, China

  • *Contact author: liuzhw@szu.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: lisheng.geng@buaa.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. D 114, 014006 – Published 6 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/l9zj-f6c5

Abstract

The Λcp momentum correlation functions are investigated using ΛcN interactions derived within the covariant chiral effective field theory. Our analysis reveals that the interaction is weakly attractive in the spin-singlet S10 channel. In contrast, the S31 channel exhibits a pronounced sensitivity to coupled-channel effects, i.e., the inclusion of S−D mixing results in a repulsive Λcp interaction; its absence leads to a weakly attractive one. Consequently, the spin-averaged correlation function—dominated by the triplet state weight—exhibits repulsive behavior when the S−D mixing is present. Furthermore, the source size dependence of the correlation functions is examined, demonstrating that the resulting variations remain experimentally resolvable within the precision of current femtoscopic measurements. A systematic comparison with nonrelativistic chiral effective field theory and phenomenological models yields distinct discrepancies in the femtoscopic correlation functions. These findings underscore the capacity of femtoscopy to discriminate between different theoretical descriptions of the ΛcN interaction and provide useful references for upcoming experimental data.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (104)

  1. M. Danysz and J. Pniewski, London Edinb. Dublin Philos. Mag. 44, 348 (1953).
  2. D. Friday, E. Gersabeck, A. Lenz, and M. L. Piscopo, arXiv:2506.15584.
  3. E. G. Cazzoli, A. M. Cnops, P. L. Connolly, R. I. Louttit, M. J. Murtagh, R. B. Palmer, N. P. Samios, T. T. Tso, and H. H. Williams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 34, 1125 (1975).
  4. B. Knapp et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 882 (1976).
  5. S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024).
  6. I. Vidaña, A. Ramos, and C. E. Jimenez-Tejero, Phys. Rev. C 99, 045208 (2019).
  7. J. Haidenbauer, A. Nogga, and I. Vidaña, Eur. Phys. J. A 56, 195 (2020).
  8. L. Wu, J. Hu, and H. Shen, Phys. Rev. C 101, 024303 (2020).
  9. Y.-X. Liu, C. F. Chen, Q. B. Chen, H.-T. Xue, H. J. Schulze, and X.-R. Zhou, Phys. Rev. C 108, 064312 (2023).
  10. W. Yang, S. Y. Ding, and B. Y. Sun, Phys. Rev. C 110, 054320 (2024).
  11. J. Riedl, A. Schafer, and M. Stratmann, Eur. Phys. J. C 52, 987 (2007).
  12. U. Wiedner, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 66, 477 (2011).
  13. K. Aoki et al., arXiv:2110.04462.
  14. C. B. Dover and S. H. Kahana, Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1506 (1977).
  15. H. Bando and M. Bando, Phys. Lett. 109B, 164 (1982).
  16. S. Maeda, M. Oka, A. Yokota, E. Hiyama, and Y.-R. Liu, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2016, 023D02 (2016).
  17. F. Froemel, B. Julia-Diaz, and D. O. Riska, Nucl. Phys. A750, 337 (2005).
  18. T. Miyamoto et al., Nucl. Phys. A971, 113 (2018).
  19. T. Miyamoto (HAL QCD Collaboration), Proc. Sci., Hadron2017 (2018) 146.
  20. J. Haidenbauer and G. Krein, Eur. Phys. J. A 54, 199 (2018).
  21. L. Fabbietti, V. Mantovani Sarti, and O. Vazquez Doce, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 71, 377 (2021).
  22. M.-Z. Liu, Y.-W. Pan, Z.-W. Liu, T.-W. Wu, J.-X. Lu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rep. 1108, 1 (2025).
  23. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 774, 64 (2017).
  24. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 790, 22 (2019).
  25. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 813, 136030 (2021).
  26. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 833, 137335 (2022).
  27. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 856, 138915 (2024).
  28. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 092301 (2020).
  29. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 103, 055201 (2021).
  30. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 172301 (2021).
  31. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Eur. Phys. J. C 83, 340 (2023).
  32. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 845, 138145 (2023).
  33. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Eur. Phys. J. A 61, 194 (2025).
  34. I. J. Abualrob et al. (ALICE Collaboration), arXiv:2508.09867.
  35. I. J. Abualrob et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 874, 140227 (2026).
  36. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 805, 135419 (2020).
  37. J. Adams et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 74, 064906 (2006).
  38. L. Adamczyk et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 022301 (2015).
  39. L. Adamczyk et al. (STAR Collaboration), Nature (London) 527, 345 (2015).
  40. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 99, 024001 (2019).
  41. J. Adam et al. (STAR Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 790, 490 (2019).
  42. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 797, 134822 (2019).
  43. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 802, 135223 (2020).
  44. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 112002 (2019).
  45. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 811, 135849 (2020); 861, 139233(E) (2025).
  46. ALICE Collaboration, Nature (London) 588, 232 (2020); ALICE Collaboration590, E13(E) (2021).
  47. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 833, 137272 (2022).
  48. M. Isshiki (STAR Collaboration), Eur. Web Conf. 259, 11015 (2022).
  49. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 829, 137060 (2022).
  50. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 844, 137223 (2023).
  51. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. X 14, 031051 (2024).
  52. I. J. Abualrob et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Lett. B 874, 140252 (2026).
  53. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Nature (London) 648, 306 (2025).
  54. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. D 106, 052010 (2022).
  55. S. Acharya et al. (ALICE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. D 110, 032004 (2024).
  56. B. Zhang, EPJ Web Conf. 364, 05006 (2026).
  57. K. Morita, T. Furumoto, and A. Ohnishi, Phys. Rev. C 91, 024916 (2015).
  58. K. Morita, A. Ohnishi, F. Etminan, and T. Hatsuda, Phys. Rev. C 94, 031901 (2016); 100, 069902(E) (2019).
  59. J. Haidenbauer, Nucl. Phys. A981, 1 (2019).
  60. K. Morita, S. Gongyo, T. Hatsuda, T. Hyodo, Y. Kamiya, and A. Ohnishi, Phys. Rev. C 101, 015201 (2020).
  61. K. Ogata, T. Fukui, Y. Kamiya, and A. Ohnishi, Phys. Rev. C 103, 065205 (2021).
  62. Y. Kamiya, K. Sasaki, T. Fukui, T. Hyodo, K. Morita, K. Ogata, A. Ohnishi, and T. Hatsuda, Phys. Rev. C 105, 014915 (2022).
  63. J. Haidenbauer and U.-G. Meißner, Phys. Lett. B 829, 137074 (2022).
  64. Z.-W. Liu, K.-W. Li, and L.-S. Geng, Chin. Phys. C 47, 024108 (2023).
  65. R. Molina, C.-W. Xiao, W.-H. Liang, and E. Oset, Phys. Rev. D 109, 054002 (2024).
  66. R. Molina, Z.-W. Liu, L.-S. Geng, and E. Oset, Eur. Phys. J. C 84, 328 (2024).
  67. V. M. Sarti, A. Feijoo, I. Vidaña, A. Ramos, F. Giacosa, T. Hyodo, and Y. Kamiya, Phys. Rev. D 110, L011505 (2024).
  68. D.-L. Ge, Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 112, 034003 (2025).
  69. J. Haidenbauer, G. Krein, and T. C. Peixoto, Eur. Phys. J. A 56, 184 (2020).
  70. Y. Kamiya, T. Hyodo, and A. Ohnishi, Eur. Phys. J. A 58, 131 (2022).
  71. Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 107, 074019 (2023).
  72. Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, M.-Z. Liu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 108, L031503 (2023).
  73. I. Vidana, A. Feijoo, M. Albaladejo, J. Nieves, and E. Oset, Phys. Lett. B 846, 138201 (2023).
  74. N. Ikeno, G. Toledo, and E. Oset, Phys. Lett. B 847, 138281 (2023).
  75. M. Albaladejo, J. Nieves, and E. Ruiz-Arriola, Phys. Rev. D 108, 014020 (2023).
  76. J. M. Torres-Rincon, À. Ramos, and L. Tolos, Phys. Rev. D 108, 096008 (2023).
  77. M. Albaladejo, A. Feijoo, I. Vidaña, J. Nieves, and E. Oset, Eur. Phys. J. A 61, 187 (2025).
  78. Y.-B. Shen, M.-Z. Liu, Z.-W. Liu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 111, 034001 (2025).
  79. Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, M.-Z. Liu, and L.-S. Geng, Sci. Bull. 70, 3515 (2025).
  80. Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, and L.-S. Geng, Proc. Sci. QNP2024 (2025) 044.
  81. Z.-W. Liu, D.-L. Ge, J.-X. Lu, M.-Z. Liu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 112, 054019 (2025).
  82. J.-M. Xie, Z.-W. Liu, J.-X. Lu, H. Liang, R. Molina, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 113, 074002 (2026).
  83. H.-N. Liu, Z.-W. Liu, L. Abreu, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 113, 114005 (2026).
  84. Y.-B. Shen, Z.-W. Liu, M.-Z. Liu, R.-X. Shi, C.-W. Xiao, W.-H. Liang, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. D 113, 074034 (2026).
  85. Z.-W. Liu, J.-M. Xie, J.-X. Lu, and L.-S. Geng, arXiv:2512.10459.
  86. K.-W. Li, X.-L. Ren, L.-S. Geng, and B. Long, Phys. Rev. D 94, 014029 (2016).
  87. K.-W. Li, X.-L. Ren, L.-S. Geng, and B.-W. Long, Chin. Phys. C 42, 014105 (2018).
  88. J. Song, K.-W. Li, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 97, 065201 (2018).
  89. K.-W. Li, T. Hyodo, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 98, 065203 (2018).
  90. Z.-W. Liu, J. Song, K.-W. Li, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 103, 025201 (2021).
  91. J. Song, Z.-W. Liu, K.-W. Li, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 105, 035203 (2022).
  92. J. Song, Y. Xiao, Z.-W. Liu, C.-X. Wang, K.-W. Li, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Rev. C 102, 065208 (2020).
  93. J.-X. Lu, C.-X. Wang, Y. Xiao, L.-S. Geng, J. Meng, and P. Ring, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 142002 (2022).
  94. S. Pratt, T. Csorgo, and J. Zimanyi, Phys. Rev. C 42, 2646 (1990).
  95. W. Bauer, C. K. Gelbke, and S. Pratt, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 42, 77 (1992).
  96. S. E. Koonin, Phys. Lett. 70B, 43 (1977).
  97. A. Ohnishi, K. Morita, K. Miyahara, and T. Hyodo, Nucl. Phys. A954, 294 (2016).
  98. J. Adamczewski-Musch et al. (HADES Collaboration), Phys. Rev. C 94, 025201 (2016).
  99. X.-L. Ren, K.-W. Li, L.-S. Geng, B.-W. Long, P. Ring, and J. Meng, Chin. Phys. C 42, 014103 (2018).
  100. M. I. Haftel and F. Tabakin, Nucl. Phys. A158, 1 (1970).
  101. C. M. Vincent and S. C. Phatak, Phys. Rev. C 10, 391 (1974).
  102. B. Holzenkamp, K. Holinde, and J. Speth, Nucl. Phys. A500, 485 (1989).
  103. H. Polinder, J. Haidenbauer, and U.-G. Meissner, Nucl. Phys. A779, 244 (2006).
  104. Q.-Q. Bai, C.-X. Wang, Y. Xiao, and L.-S. Geng, Phys. Lett. B 809, 135745 (2020).

Outline

Information

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation