Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation

    Optimal form factors for experimental proposals on gravity-induced entanglement

    Ziqian Tang1,2,3, Hanyu Xue4, Zizhao Han5, Zikuan Kan6, Zeji Li7, and Yulong Liu1,2,3,*

    • *Contact author: liuyl@baqis.ac.cn

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 042004 – Published 8 August, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/jznw-q3q8

    Abstract

    The interface between quantum mechanics and gravity remains an unresolved issue. Recent advances in precision measurement suggest that detecting gravity-induced entanglement in oscillator systems could provide key evidence for the quantum nature of gravity. However, thermal decoherence imposes strict constraints on system parameters. For entanglement to occur, mechanical frequency ωm, dissipation rate γm, environmental temperature T, oscillator density ρ, and the form factor Λ—determined by the geometry and arrangement of oscillators—must satisfy a specific constraint. This constraint, intrinsic to the noise model, is considered universal and cannot be improved by quantum control. Given the difficulty in further optimizing ωm, γm, ρ, and T, optimizing Λ can relax the constraints on these parameters. In this work, we prove that the form factor has a supremum of 2π, revealing a fundamental limit of the oscillator system. We propose designs that approach this supremum, nearly an order of magnitude higher than typical spherical oscillators. This optimization could ease experimental constraints and bring quantum gravity validation based on gravity-induced entanglement closer to realization.

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    Authorization Required

    We need you to provide your credentials before accessing this content.

    References (Subscription Required)

    Outline

    Information

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation