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    Nonlinear tails of gravitational waves in Schwarzschild black hole ringdown

    Alex Kehagias1,2 and Antonio Riotto3

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 024023 – Published 8 July, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/j5fw-w3xc

    Abstract

    Schwarzschild black holes evolve toward their static configuration by emitting gravitational waves, which decay over time following a power law at fixed spatial positions. We derive this power law analytically for the second-order even gravitational perturbations, demonstrating that it is determined by the fact that the second-order source decays as the inverse square of the distance. Quadratic gravitational modes with multipole ℓ decay according to a law ∼t−2ℓ−1, in contrast to the linear Price law scaling ∼t−2ℓ−3. Consequently, nonlinear tails may persist longer than their linear counterparts.

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