Gravitational wave detector sensitivity to eccentric black hole mergers
Phys. Rev. D 111, 123032 – Published 20 June, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/hwr5-scp4
Abstract
Orbital eccentricity in compact binary mergers carries crucial information about the binary’s formation and environment. There are emerging signs that some of the mergers detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo gravitational wave detectors could indeed be eccentric. Nevertheless, the identification of eccentricity via gravitational waves remains challenging, to a large extent because of the limited availability of eccentric gravitational waveforms. While multiple suites of eccentric waveforms have recently been developed, they each cover only a part of the binary parameter space. Here we evaluate the sensitivity of LIGO to eccentric waveforms from the Stimulating eXtreme Spacetimes and RIT numerical relativity catalogs and the teobresums-dali waveform model using data from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA’s third observing run. The obtained sensitivities, as functions of eccentricity, mass, and mass ratio, are important inputs to understanding detection prospects and observational population constrains. In addition, our results enable the comparison of the waveforms to establish their compatibility and applicability for searches and parameter estimation.