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Estimates of Lee-Yang zeros and a possible critical point on the pion condensate boundary in the QCD isospin phase diagram using an unbiased exponential resummation on the lattice

Sabarnya Mitra*

  • *Contact author: smitra@physik.uni-bielefeld.de
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014511 – Published 18 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/h24l-2h8j

Abstract

Without invoking any cumulant determination at the input level, we present here the first calculations of direct estimates of the Lee-Yang zeros of the QCD partition function in (2+1)-flavor QCD. These zeros are obtained in the complex isospin chemical potential μI plane using the unbiased exponential resummation formalism on Nτ=8 lattices and with physical quark masses. For different temperatures, we illustrate the stability of the zeros closest to the origin from which we subsequently procure the radius of convergence estimates. From the temperature-dependence study of the real and imaginary parts of these zeros, we try estimating one of the possible critical points forming the second-order pion condensate critical line in the isospin phase diagram. Further, we compare these resummed estimates with the corresponding Mercer-Roberts estimates of the subsequent Taylor series expansions of the first three partition function cumulants. We also outline comparisons between resummed and Taylor series results of these cumulants for real and imaginary values of μI and highlight the behavior of different expansion orders within and beyond the obtained resummed estimates of the radius of convergence. We also reestablish that this resummed radius of convergence can efficiently capture the onset of the overlap problem for finite real μI simulations.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014511– Published 18 July, 2025
  • Received 14 January 2024
  • Accepted 20 June 2025
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