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    Magnetically arrested minidisks around nonspinning binary black holes: The MAD scenario for circumbinary disk accretion

    Vikram Manikantan1,* and Vasileios Paschalidis1,2,†

    • *Contact author: vik@arizona.edu
    • †Contact author: vpaschal@arizona.edu

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 103050 – Published 25 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/g98b-m8m1

    Abstract

    We demonstrate the formation of magnetically arrested minidisks (MAM) around equal-mass, nonspinning binary black holes with magnetohydrodynamic simulations of circumbinary disk accretion in full 3+1 general relativity. The initial separation of d∼30M allows the black holes to host large minidisks that suppress the total rest-mass accretion rate variability, which is modulated primarily at ∼1.6forb. Each black hole horizon saturates with dimensionless magnetic flux ϕ∼30. Magnetic reconnection near the horizons drives recurrent eruptions, which are expected to drive flaring in the infrared and x-ray bands. Our results establish MAMs as a new outcome of circumbinary disk accretion, and a promising source of novel electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational waves from binary black holes.

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