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Searching for sub-eV sterile neutrinos in neutrino telescopes

Emilse Cabrera1,*, Miaochen Jin (靳淼辰)2,†, Carlos A. Argüelles2,‡, and Arman Esmaili1,§

  • *Contact author: emilsecc@aluno.puc-rio.br
  • †Contact author: miaochenjin@g.harvard.edu
  • ‡Contact author: carguelles@fas.harvard.edu
  • §Contact author: arman@puc-rio.br
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 075015 – Published 15 April, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/g89r-ljdt

Abstract

With the forthcoming deployment of the IceCube Upgrade, unprecedented statistics of atmospheric neutrinos in the energy range (1–100) GeV will become available, providing a valuable opportunity to probe physics beyond the Standard Model in the neutrino sector. In this study, we calculate the sensitivity of the IceCube Upgrade to sterile neutrinos with mass-squared splittings ≲1  eV2. We demonstrate that, particularly due to the (1–10) GeV energy window, νμ−νs mixing angles as small as ∼5° can be probed by the IceCube Upgrade for all mass-squared splittings below 1  eV2. Furthermore, we investigate the potential impact of a sterile neutrino state on the precision determination of standard atmospheric neutrino mixing parameters in the IceCube Upgrade.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 075015– Published 15 April, 2026
  • Received 10 October 2025
  • Accepted 18 March 2026
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