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Constraining neutrino electromagnetic properties with recent low-energy electron recoil data at dark matter direct detection experiments

M. Demirci1,*, H. I. Sezer2, M. F. Mustamin2, and A. B. Balantekin3

  • *Contact author: mehmetdemirci@ktu.edu.tr
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 095035 – Published 24 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/fmht-47gg

Abstract

Neutrinos that are elastically scattered off atomic electrons provide a unique opportunity to investigate the standard model (SM) and beyond SM physics. In this work, we explore the new physics effects of neutrino electromagnetic properties through elastic neutrino-electron scattering using solar neutrinos at the low-energy range of PandaX-4T and XENONnT experiments. The properties of interest include the neutrino magnetic moment, millicharge, and charge radius, all of which are natural consequences of nonzero neutrino masses. We investigate their effects by incorporating each property into the SM framework, given the measured solar neutrino flux. By analyzing the latest Run0 and Run1 datasets from the PandaX-4T experiment, together with recent results from XENONnT, we derive new constraints on each electromagnetic property of neutrino. We present both flavor-independent results, obtained using a common parameter for all three neutrino flavors, and flavor-dependent results, derived by marginalizing over the three neutrino flavor components. Bounds we obtained are comparable or improved compared to those reported in the previous studies.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 095035– Published 24 November, 2025
  • Received 24 June 2025
  • Accepted 28 October 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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