We perform long-term general relativistic neutrino-radiation hydrodynamic simulations for core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) which include the cooling effect induced by the coupling between axionlike particles (ALPs) and photons. We take into account the photon coalescence and the Primakoff effect and investigate ALPs with the mass of 10 MeV and the coupling constant $g_{a\gamma }$ of $1.0\times {10}^{-9}–7.0\times {10}^{-9}{\mathrm{Gev}}^{-1}$. Our simulations show that the ALP luminosity exceeds the neutrino luminosity above $g_{a\gamma }=6.0\times {10}^{-9}{\mathrm{Gev}}^{-1}$, which is consistent with the condition used for the ALP search from SN 1987A. We confirm that the effects of the ALP cooling on the neutrino signal emerge in the late phase rather than the accretion phase, as reported in previous studies. We estimate the number of neutrino events and its statistical uncertainty for Super-Kamiokande assuming a 10 kpc CCSN. We find that, when the event number is as low as $\sim 10$, the signature of ALPs can be difficult to find even if the ALP luminosity is as high as the neutrino luminosity, because of the statistical fluctuation.

Close

PrevNext

View figure in article

• Neutron star cooling
• Axion-like particles
• Neutrinos
• Neutrino detection