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Self-duality and the holomorphic ansatz in a generalized BPS Skyrme model

L. A. Ferreira* and L. R. Livramento†

  • Instituto de Física de São Carlos, IFSC/USP, Universidade de São Paulo, USP Caixa Postal 369, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos-São Paulo, Brazil

  • *Contact author: laf@ifsc.usp.br
  • †Contact author: livramento@usp.br

Phys. Rev. D 112, 125019 – Published 16 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/dmdd-xc1l

Abstract

We propose a generalization of the Bogomol’ny–Prasad–Sommerfield Skyrme model [L. A. Ferreira, Exact self-duality in a modified Skyrme model, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2017) 039] for simple compact Lie groups G that leads to Hermitian symmetric spaces. In such a theory, the Skyrme field takes its values in G, while the remaining fields correspond to the entries of a symmetric, positive, and invertible dim G×dim G-dimensional matrix h. We also use the holomorphic map Ansatz between S2→G/H⊗U(1) proposed in Ferreira and Livramento [Harmonic, holomorphic and rational maps from self-duality, arXiv:2412.02636] to study the self-dual sector of the theory, which generalizes the holomorphic Ansatz between S2→CPN proposed in Ioannidou [Low-energy states in the SU(N) Skyrme models, in International Meeting on Mathematical Methods in Modern Theoretical Physics (ISPM 98) (1998), pp. 91–123, arXiv:hep-th/9811071]. This Ansatz is constructed using the fact that stable harmonic maps of the two S2 spheres for compact Hermitian symmetric spaces are holomorphic or antiholomorphic [J. Eells and L. Lemaire, Two Reports on Harmonic Maps (World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 1995)]. Apart from some special cases, the self-duality equations do not fix the matrix h entirely in terms of the Skyrme field, which is completely free, as it happens in the original self-dual Skyrme model for G=SU(2). In general, the freedom of the h fields tend to grow with the dimension of G. The holomorphic Ansatz enable us to construct an infinite number of exact self-dual Skyrmions for each integer value of the topological charge and for each value of N≥1, in case of the CPN, and for each values of p, q≥1 in case of SU(p+q)/SU(p)⊗SU(q)⊗U(1).

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