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Color glass condensate meets high twist expansion

Yu Fu1,2, Zhong-Bo Kang3,4,5, Farid Salazar6,7,8,3,4, Xin-Nian Wang2,7, and Hongxi Xing9,10,11

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014029 – Published 16 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ckhv-5213

Abstract

We establish the correspondence between two well-known frameworks for quantum chromodynamics (QCD) multiple scattering in nuclear media: the color glass condensate (CGC) and the high-twist (HT) expansion formalism. We argue that a consistent matching between both frameworks, in their common domain of validity, is achieved by incorporating the subeikonal longitudinal momentum phase in the CGC formalism, which mediates the transition between coherent and incoherent scattering. We perform a detailed calculation and analysis of direct photon production in proton-nucleus scattering as a concrete example to establish the matching between HT and CGC up to twist-4, including initial- and final-state interactions, as well as their interferences. The techniques developed in this work can be adapted to other processes in electron-nucleus and proton-nucleus collisions, and they provide a potential avenue for a unified picture of dilute-dense dynamics in nuclear media.

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Correspondence between Color Glass Condensate and High-Twist Formalism

Yu Fu, Zhong-Bo Kang, Farid Salazar, Xin-Nian Wang, and Hongxi Xing
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 032301 (2025)

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 014029– Published 16 July, 2025
  • Received 14 June 2024
  • Accepted 5 June 2025
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