Dark Energy Survey Year 6 results: Galaxy-galaxy lensing
G. Giannini1,2,*, G. Camacho-Ciurana1, A. Whyley3, J. Prat4,5, J. Blazek6, C. Sánchez7,8, G. Zacharegkas9, A. Alarcon1, E. Legnani8 et al. (DES Collaboration)
E. Legnani8, A. Amon10, D. Anbajagane2, S. Avila11, K. Bechtol12, M. R. Becker13, G. M. Bernstein14, S. Bocquet15, A. Campos16,17, A. Carnero Rosell18,19,20, R. Cawthon21, C. Chang2,9, M. Crocce22,1, W. d’Assignies8, J. De Vicente11, A. Drlica-Wagner2,23,9, S. Elvin-Poole24, A. Ferté25, J. Frieman2,23,9, M. Gatti1,9, D. Gruen15, M. Jarvis14, M. Manera8, S. Mau26,27, J. McCullough10,27,25,15, F. Menanteau28,29, J. Myles10, A. Porredon11,30, M. Rodriguez-Monroy31,32, A. Roodman27,25, E. S. Rykoff27,25, S. Samuroff6,8, D. Sanchez Cid11,33, I. Sevilla-Noarbe11, T. Schutt26,27,25, M. A. Troxel34, N. Weaverdyck35,36, M. Yamamoto10,34, B. Yin34, T. M. C. Abbott37, M. Aguena38,19, S. Allam23, O. Alves39, F. Andrade-Oliveira33, D. Bacon3, K. Bechtol12, E. Bertin40,41, S. Bocquet15, D. Brooks42, H. Camacho43,19, A. Carnero Rosell18,19,20, J. Carretero8, L. N. da Costa19, M. E. da Silva Pereira44, T. M. Davis45, J. De Vicente11, D. L. DePoy46, S. Desai47, H. T. Diehl23, P. Doel42, C. Doux14,48, A. Drlica-Wagner2,23,9, T. F. Eifler49,50, S. Everett51, A. E. Evrard52,39, P. Fosalba22,1, J. Frieman2,23,9, J. García-Bellido53, E. Gaztanaga22,3,1, P. Giles54, K. Glazebrook55, I. Harrison56, W. G. Hartley57, K. Herner23, S. R. Hinton45, D. L. Hollowood58, K. Honscheid59,60, D. Huterer39, B. Jain14, D. J. James61, M. Jarvis14, N. Jeffrey42, T. Kacprzak62, S. Kent23, E. Krause63, O. Lahav42, S. Lee64,50, J. L. Marshall46, J. Mena-Fernández65,48, F. Menanteau28,29, R. Miquel66,8, J. J. Mohr15, J. Muir67,68, R. C. Nichol3, R. L. C. Ogando69,70, A. Palmese16, M. Paterno23, W. J. Percival24,68, D. Petravick28, A. A. Plazas Malagón27,25, M. Raveri71, A. Roodman27,25, R. Rosenfeld72,19, E. Sanchez11, I. Sevilla-Noarbe11, E. Sheldon43, T. Shin73, J. Allyn. Smith74, M. Smith75, M. Soares-Santos33, E. Suchyta76, M. E. C. Swanson28, G. Tarle39, D. Thomas3, C. To2, D. L. Tucker23, V. Vikram77, M. Vincenzi24, A. R. Walker37, P. Wiseman78, and B. Yanny23 (DES Collaboration)
- 1Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- 2Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- 3Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
- 4Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Hannes Alfvéns väg 12, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 5DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- 6Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- 7Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- 8Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
- 9Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- 10Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- 11Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
- 12Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, Madison 53706-1390, USA
- 13Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- 14Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- 15University Observatory, LMU Faculty of Physics, Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
- 16Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA
- 17NSF AI Planning Institute for Physics of the Future, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- 18Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- 19Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA, Avenue Pastor Martin Luther King Jr., 126 Del Castilho, Nova América Offices, Torre 3000/sala 817 CEP: 20765-000, Brazil
- 20Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- 21Oxford College of Emory University, Oxford, GA 30054, USA
- 22Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- 23Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- 24Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- 25SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- 26Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- 27Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- 28Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- 29Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- 30Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Astronomical Institute, German Centre for Cosmological Lensing, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- 31Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- 32Laboratoire de physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, CNRS Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 100, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
- 33Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- 34Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- 35Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, US
- 36Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- 37Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
- 38INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
- 39Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- 40CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
- 41Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
- 42Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- 43Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 510, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- 44Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany
- 45School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- 46George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- 47Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
- 48Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
- 49Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0065, USA
- 50Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91109, USA
- 51California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- 52Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- 53Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- 54Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
- 55Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia
- 56School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
- 57Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- 58Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
- 59Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- 60Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- 61Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- 62Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- 63Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
- 64Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Clippinger Labs, Athens, Ohio 45701
- 65Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- 66Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
- 67Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
- 68Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
- 69Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil—20921-400
- 70Centro de Tecnologia da Informação Renato Archer, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil—13069-901
- 71Department of Physics, University of Genova and INFN, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
- 72ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- 73Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
- 74Austin Peay State University, Department Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, P.O. Box 4608 Clarksville, Tennessee 37044, USA
- 75Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
- 76Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- 77Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kerala 671320, India
- 78School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- *Contact author: giulia.giannini15@gmail.com
Phys. Rev. D 113, 103503 – Published 5 May, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/c87p-j9nt
Abstract
We present galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements from the full six years of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y6), covering and used in the DES Y6 cosmological analysis. We use the Maglim++ lens sample, containing galaxies divided into six redshift bins, and the Metadetection source catalog, including galaxies divided into four redshift bins. The mean tangential shear signal achieves a total signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 173, corresponding to a 17% improvement over DES Y3. After applying the scale cuts used in the cosmological analysis, with () for the linear (nonlinear) galaxy-bias model, the S/N is reduced to 75 (90). A comprehensive suite of validation tests demonstrates that the measurement is robust against observational and astrophysical systematics at the statistical precision required for the DES Y6 analysis. Although not used in the main cosmological analysis, we extract high signal-to-noise geometric shear-ratio measurements from the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal on small angular scales. These measurements provide an internal consistency check on the photometric redshift distributions and shear calibration used in the analysis.