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    Information paradox and island of covariant black holes in LQG

    Yongbin Du1, Jia-Rui Sun1,*, and Xiangdong Zhang2,†

    • *Contact author: sunjiarui@mail.sysu.edu.cn
    • †Contact author: scxdzhang@scut.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. D 113, 046017 – Published 23 February, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/b1my-3v4r

    Abstract

    We study the information paradox of four-dimensional covariant black holes inspired by loop quantum gravity (LQG) with two well motivated solutions. We first prepare the spacetime in the Hartle-Hawking state, compute the radiation entropy, and recover a linear growth at late time. When considering the mass loss and incorporating graybody factors, we show that for Metric 1 the LQG parameter ζ leaves temperature and Planckian factor of the spectrum unchanged but enhances the near-horizon barrier, leading to a faster evaporation rate as M decreases. This behavior contrasts sharply with Metric 2, which has slow evaporation rate at small M and admits a nonsingular continuation suggestive of a remnant or a black-to-white-hole transition. We then apply the island prescription on the eternal background and find that quantum extremal surfaces exist in Metric 1 geometries; ζ gives a larger island and the island suppresses the late-time entropy growth, preserving unitarity. Our results highlight that covariance-respecting LQG black hole do not exhibit a universal late-time behavior.

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