First confirmation of anisotropic halo bias from statistically anisotropic matter distributions

Shogo Masaki; Maresuke Shiraishi; Takahiro Nishimichi; Teppei Okumura; Shuichiro Yokoyama

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.111.L101301

Letter

First confirmation of anisotropic halo bias from statistically anisotropic matter distributions

Shogo Masaki^1,2,*, Maresuke Shiraishi ³, Takahiro Nishimichi ^4,5,6, Teppei Okumura ^7,6, and Shuichiro Yokoyama ^8,2,6

¹Department of Information Engineering and Institute for Advanced Studies in Artificial Intelligence, Chukyo University, Toyota, Aichi 470-0393, Japan
²Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
³School of General and Management Studies, Suwa University of Science, Chino, Nagano 391-0292, Japan
⁴Department of Astrophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
⁵Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
⁶Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
⁷Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building, No. 1, Sec. IV, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
⁸Kobayashi Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan

^*Contact author: shogo.masaki@gmail.com

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Phys. Rev. D 111, L101301 – Published 27 May, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.L101301

Abstract

We confirm for the first time the existence of distinctive halo bias associated with the quadrupolar type of statistical anisotropy (SA) of the linear matter density field using cosmological $N$ -body simulations. We find that the coefficient of the SA-induced bias for cluster-sized halos takes negative values and exhibits a decreasing trend with increasing halo mass. This results in the quadrupole halo power spectra in a statistically anisotropic universe being less amplified compared to the monopole spectra. The anisotropic feature in halo bias that we found presents a promising new tool for testing the hypothesis of a statistically anisotropic universe, with significant implications for the precise verification of anisotropic inflation scenarios and vector dark matter and dark energy models.

Physical Review D

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First confirmation of anisotropic halo bias from statistically anisotropic matter distributions

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First confirmation of anisotropic halo bias from statistically anisotropic matter distributions

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