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Bulk viscosity of two-color superconducting quark matter in neutron star mergers

Mark Alford1,*, Arus Harutyunyan2,3,†, Armen Sedrakian4,5,‡, and Stefanos Tsiopelas4,§

  • *Contact author: alford@physics.wustl.edu
  • †Contact author: arus@bao.sci.am
  • ‡Contact author: sedrakian@fias.uni-frankfurt.de
  • §Contact author: stefanos.tsiopelas2@uwr.edu.pl

Phys. Rev. D 110, L061303 – Published 13 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.L061303

Abstract

We study the bulk viscosity of moderately hot and dense, neutrino-transparent color superconducting quark matter arising from weak-interaction-driven direct URCA processes. The quark matter is modeled using the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model improved to account for vector and ’t Hooft interactions as well as antisymmetric pairing among the red/green up and down quarks. The unpaired excitations are the strange quarks and the blue up or down quarks. We compute the relaxation rates associated with d- and s-quark decay and electron capture processes on the u quark for blue color. The resulting bulk viscosity for density oscillations in the 1–10 kHz range shows a resonant peak at T∼5  MeV, and the damping time may drop below 10 ms. This is short enough to affect the postmerger evolution and is very similar to the damping predicted in nuclear matter.

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