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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Transverse-momentum-dependent wave functions of the pion from lattice QCD

Min-Huan Chu1,2, Jin-Chen He1,3, Jun Hua4,5,*, Jian Liang4,5, Xiangdong Ji3, Andreas Schäfer6, Hai-Tao Shu6,†, Yushan Su3, Ji-Hao Wang7,8 et al. (Lattice Parton Collaboration)

Ji-Hao Wang7,8, Wei Wang1,9, Yi-Bo Yang7,8,10,11, Jun Zeng1, Jian-Hui Zhang12,13, and Qi-An Zhang14 (Lattice Parton Collaboration)

  • 1INPAC, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 2Yang Yuanqing Scientific Computering Center, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • 3Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 4Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 5Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 6Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
  • 7CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 8School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
  • 9Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT), Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong Province, China
  • 10International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific, Beijing/Hangzhou, China
  • 11School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 12School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
  • 13Center of Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 14School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China

  • *Corresponding author: junhua@scnu.edu.cn
  • †Corresponding author: hai-tao.shu@ur.de
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Phys. Rev. D 109, L091503 – Published 24 May, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.L091503

Abstract

We present a lattice QCD calculation of the transverse-momentum-dependent wave function (TMDWF) of the pion using large-momentum effective theory. Numerical simulations are based on one ensemble with 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered quarks with lattice spacing a=0.121  fm from the MILC collaboration, and one with 2+1 flavor clover fermions and tree-level Symanzik gauge action generated by the CLS collaboration with a=0.098  fm. As a key ingredient, the soft function is first obtained by incorporating the one-loop perturbative contributions and a proper normalization. Based on this and the equal-time quasi-TMDWF simulated on the lattice, we extract the TMDWF. The results for both lattice ensembles are compatible and a comparison with a phenomenological parametrization is made. Our studies provide a first attempt of ab initio calculation of TMDWFs which will eventually lead to crucial theory inputs for making predictions for exclusive processes under QCD factorization.

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Phys. Rev. D 109, L091503– Published 24 May, 2024
  • Received 26 February 2023
  • Revised 22 December 2023
  • Accepted 29 April 2024
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